Internal-combustion engines – Vibration compensating device
Patent
1998-07-23
2000-10-31
Argenbright, Tony M.
Internal-combustion engines
Vibration compensating device
310 51, 318114, F02B 7506, H02K 3300
Patent
active
061386294
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to systems for reducion of radial vibrations of a rotating shaft.
2. Description of the Related Art
The invention concerns a system for active reduction of radial vibrations of a rotating shaft.
In piston engines, a multitude of various vibrations occurs as a result of the masses moving back and forth, as well as of the discontinuous combustion in the chamber. Besides vibrations of the overall engine, the drive shaft (i.e., the crankshaft) is excited in radial vibrations relative to the engine housing containing it. Because of the practically no-play mounting of the crankshaft in the radial direction, these vibrations are bending vibrations. Excitation of the vibrations occurs primarily through the radial components of the mass forces on the crank pins.
The bending vibrations represent a high stress on the crankshaft. Therefore, the crankshaft must be correspondingly heavily dimensioned in terms of strength. This requires, in particular, high-quality material and a costly production process (e.g., die forging). Furthermore, heavily loaded engines (such as diesel motors) must generally have a bearing after each crank throw. This produces great static overdetermination.
Resonance rises can occur in engines, especially those with a low number of cylinders, since the crankshaft along with the generally required flywheel forms an oscillatory system of low eigenfrequency, lying in the operating range of the internal combustion engine. This may produce resonance rises which can lead to fracture of the crankshaft.
To avoid resonance rises, vibration absorbers and dampeners are traditionally employed. A vibration absorber is an extra passive mass elastically coupled to the vibration system. The elastic coupling of the additional mass results in shifting of the original resonance frequency of the vibration system (more accurately, the original resonance frequency splits up into two different resonance frequencies). Through appropriate design of the extra mass and the stiffness of the elastic coupling, in many cases it is possible to make the new resonance frequencies no longer lie in the operating range, or at least no longer lie in an especially critical part of the operating range. Furthermore, by choosing a strongly dampening elastic coupling one can remove vibratory energy from the vibration system (by dissipation into heat) and reduce the size of any residual resonance rise (vibration dampener). In general, with the help of vibration absorbers/dampeners, one can master the problem of radial vibration in crankshafts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A system for active reduction of radial vibrations of a rotating shaft (4), especially the drive shaft of an internal combustion engine (1), with at least one active electromagnetic device (7; 10; 15, 16), which is configured and controlled such that it applies radial forces to the shaft which counteract the radial vibrations of the shaft (4).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The drawings show:
FIG. 1 a schematic cross section of a system for active reduction of radial vibrations with an actuator;
FIG. 2 a schematic representation, not to scale, of a system for active reduction of radial vibrations with an electric machine;
FIG. 3 a schematic cross section of the electric machine, perpendicular to the axial direction;
FIG. 4 a schematic cross section of a second embodiment of an electric machine, perpendicular to the axial direction;
FIG. 5a, 5b and 5c are a schematic sample representation of the mode of functioning of the vibration reduction.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
The purpose of the invention is to provide a different solution for the radial vibration problem of a shaft, especially the drive shaft of an internal combustion engine.
It accomplishes this purpose through a system for active reduction of radial vibrations of a shaft, especially the drive shaft of an internal combustion engine with at least one active electromagnetic device, which is designed and contr
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Grundl Andreas
Hoffmann Bernhard
Masberg Ullrich
Pels Thomas
Zeyen Klaus-Peter
Argenbright Tony M.
Grundl und Hoffman GmbH
Hairston Brian J
ISAD Electronic Systems GmbH & Co. KG
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