Electricity: measuring and testing – Magnetic – Magnetometers
Reexamination Certificate
2006-02-07
2006-02-07
Lefkowitz, Edward (Department: 2862)
Electricity: measuring and testing
Magnetic
Magnetometers
C324S248000, C324S076190, C702S075000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06995558
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for interrogating a sample that exhibits molecular rotation includes placing the sample in a container having both magnetic and electromagnetic shielding, where Gaussian noise is injected into the sample. An electromagnetic time-domain signal composed of sample source radiation superimposed on the injected Guassian noise is detected, and this signal is used to generate a spectral plot that displays, at a selected power setting of the Gaussian noise source, low-frequency spectral components characteristic of the sample in a selected frequency range between DC and 50 kHz. In one embodiment, the spectral plot that is generated is a histogram of stochastic resonance events over the selected frequency range. From this spectrum, one or more low-frequency signal components that are characteristic of the sample being interrogated are identified.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4031462 (1977-06-01), Bouvier et al.
patent: 4095168 (1978-06-01), Hlavka
patent: 4365303 (1982-12-01), Hannah et al.
patent: 4682027 (1987-07-01), Wells
patent: 4692685 (1987-09-01), Blaze
patent: 4751515 (1988-06-01), Corum
patent: 4822169 (1989-04-01), Distl
patent: 5254950 (1993-10-01), Fan
patent: 5343147 (1994-08-01), Sager et al.
patent: 5446681 (1995-08-01), Gethner et al.
patent: 5458142 (1995-10-01), Farmer et al.
patent: 5465049 (1995-11-01), Matsuura et al.
patent: 5508203 (1996-04-01), Fuller
patent: 5541413 (1996-07-01), Pearson et al.
patent: 5574369 (1996-11-01), Hibbs
patent: 5583432 (1996-12-01), Barnes
patent: 5656937 (1997-08-01), Cantor
patent: 5696691 (1997-12-01), Schlosser et al.
patent: 5734353 (1998-03-01), Van Voorhies
patent: 5752514 (1998-05-01), Okamura et al.
patent: 5789961 (1998-08-01), Bulsara et al.
patent: 5952978 (1999-09-01), Van Voorhies
patent: 5955400 (1999-09-01), Yokosawa et al.
patent: 5959548 (1999-09-01), Smith
patent: 6020782 (2000-02-01), Albert et al.
patent: 6028558 (2000-02-01), Van Voorhies
patent: 6084399 (2000-07-01), Nagaishi et al.
patent: 6136541 (2000-10-01), Gulati
patent: 6142681 (2000-11-01), Gulati
patent: 6159444 (2000-12-01), Schlenga
patent: 6196057 (2001-03-01), Discenzo
patent: 6201821 (2001-03-01), Zhu et al.
patent: 6285249 (2001-09-01), Bulsara et al.
patent: 6320369 (2001-11-01), Hidaka et al.
patent: 6323632 (2001-11-01), Husher et al.
patent: 6541978 (2003-04-01), Benveniste et al.
patent: 6724188 (2004-04-01), Butters
patent: 6760674 (2004-07-01), Bombard
patent: 2003/0016010 (2003-01-01), Kandori
patent: 2004/0027125 (2004-02-01), Clarke
patent: 2004/0174154 (2004-09-01), Butters
patent: 2005/0030016 (2005-02-01), Butters et al.
patent: WO 87/02981 (1987-05-01), None
patent: WO 91/13611 (1991-09-01), None
patent: WO 91/14181 (1991-09-01), None
patent: WO 94/17406 (1994-08-01), None
patent: WO 99/54731 (1999-10-01), None
patent: WO 00/01412 (2000-01-01), None
patent: WO 00/17637 (2000-03-01), None
patent: WO 00/17638 (2000-03-01), None
patent: WO-03/083439 (2003-10-01), None
patent: WO-03-83439 (2003-10-01), None
Cooley, J. et al., “An Algorithm for the Machine Calculation of Complex Fourier Series”, Mathematics of Computation, Apr. 1965, pp. 297-301, vol. 19, No. 90, American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island.
Aissa et al., “Transatlantic Transfer of Digitized Antigen Signal by Telephone Link”, Digi Bio-FASEB 97, Abstract only, <http://digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?lg=us&nd=n4—3>.
Aissa, et al., Molecular signaling at high dilution or by means of electronic circuitry:, Journal of Immunology, 146A, 1994, Abstract only.
Benveniste, et al., “Digital biology: Specificity of the digitized molecular signal”, FASEB Journal, A412, 1997, Abstract only, <http://digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?lg=us&nd=n4—2>.
Benveniste, et al., “Digital Recording/Transmission of the Cholinergic Signal”, DigiBio—FASEB 96, Abstract only, <http://digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?lg=us&nd=n4—4>.
Benveniste et al., “Specific Remote Detection of Bacteria Using an Electromagnetic/Digital Procedure”, FASEB Journal, vol. 13, p. A852, 1999, Abstract only, <http://digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?lg=us&nd=n4—12>.
Benveniste et al., “The Molecular Signal is not Functional in the Absence of “Informed” Water”, FASEB Journal, vol. 13, p. A163, 1999, Abstract only, <http://digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?lg=us&nd=n4—11>.
Benveniste et al., “A Simple and Fast Method for in Vivo Demonstration of Electromagnetic Molecular Signaling (EMS) via High Dilution or Computer Recording”, FASEB Journal , vol. 13, p. A163, 1999, Abstract only.
Benveniste et al., “Digital Biology: Specificity of the Digitized Molecular Signal”, FASEB Journal, vol. 12, p. A412, 1998, Abstract only.
Benveniste, et al., “Electronic transmission of the cholinergic signal”, FASEB Journal, A683, 1995, Abstract only.
Benveniste, et al., “Transfer of molecular signals via electronic circuitry”, FASEB Journal, A602, 1993, Abstract only.
Benveniste, J., et al., “Transfer of the molecular signal by electronic amplification”, FASEB Journal, A398, 1994, Abstract only.
Benveniste, J., “Molecular Signaling, What Is So Unacceptable for Ultra-Orthodox Scientists?”, 2 pages, <http://www.digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?nd=n5>.
Benveniste, J., “From ‘Water Memory’ effects To ‘Digital Biology’. . . —Understanding Digital Biology”, 4 pages, <http://www.digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?nd=n3>, Jun. 14, 1998.
Binhi, V., “An Analytical Survey of Theoretical Studies in the Area of Magnetoreception”, 11 pages, <http://www.biomag.info/survey.htm>, 1999.
Brault, J., et al., “The Analysis and Restoration of Astronomical Data via the Fast Fourier Transform”, Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 13, No. 2, Jul. 1971, pp 169-189.
Brigham, E., “The Fast Fourier Transform and Applications”, Prentice Hall, 1988, pp 131-145.
DigiBio S.A., Experimental models, From “Water Memory” effects to “Digital Biology”, <http://digibio.com/cgi-bin
ode.pl?nd=n7>.
“Direct Nanoscale Conversion of Bio-Molecular Signals Into Electronic Information” DARPA Defense Sciences Office, 2 pages,<<http://www.darpa.mil/dso/thrust/biosci/moldice.htm>>.
“Engineered Bio-Molecular Nano-Devices/Systems (MOLDICE)” DARPA Defense Sciences Office, 1 page, <<http://www.darpa.mil/dso/thrust/biosci/moldice.htm>>.
Chapeau-Blondeau, F., “Input-output gains for signal in noise in stochastic resonance”, Physics Letters A, vol. 232, pp. 41-48, Jul. 21, 1997, Elsevier Science B.V.
Chapeau-Blondeau, F., “Periodic and Aperiodic Stochastic Resonance with Output Signal-to-Noise Ratio Exceeding That At The Input”, International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos , vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 267-272, 1999, World Scientific Publishing Company.
Duhamel, P., et al., “Split radix' FFT algorithm”, Electronics Letters, The Institution of Electrical Engineers, vol. 20, No. 1, Jan. 5, 1984, pp. 14-16.
Glanz, J., “Sharpening the Senses with Neural ‘Noise’”, Science, vol. 277, No. 5333, Sep. 19, 1997, 2 pages, <http://complex.gmu.edu
eural/papers/others/science97—noise.html .
Gorgun, S., “Studies on the Interaction Between Electromagnetic Fields and Living Matter Neoplastic Cellular Culture.”, 22 pages, <http://bodyvibes.com/study1.htm>.
Hoffman, F., “An Introduction to Fourier Theory”, 10 pages, <http://aurora.phys.utk.edu/˜forrest/papers/fourier/index.html>.
Kaufman, I. et al., “Zero-dispersion stochastic resonance in a model for a superconducting quantum interference device”, Physical Review E, vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 78-87, Jan. 1998, The American Physical Soci
Butters Bennett M.
Leonard Michael
Naughton Patrick
Lefkowitz Edward
WavBank, Inc.
Whittington Kenneth J.
LandOfFree
System and method for characterizing a sample by... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with System and method for characterizing a sample by..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and System and method for characterizing a sample by... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3625203