Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1995-05-09
2001-05-08
Ogden, Necholus (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S141000, C510S152000, C510S155000, C510S156000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06228822
ABSTRACT:
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synthetic detergent base material, and synthetic detergent bars produced using the synthetic detergent base material. More particularly, this invention relates to a synthetic detergent base material consisting essentially of mild synthetic surfactant and/or salts thereof, C
8
-C
22
fatty acids, C
8
-C
22
n-acyl sarcosine and/or salts thereof, C
1
-C
22
alkyl aryl sulfonic acid and/or salts thereof, and soap, i.e., salts of C
8
-C
22
fatty acids; and synthetic detergent bars containing the synthetic detergent base material.
Synthetic detergent bars, frequently referred to as “syndet bars”, are well known and are becoming increasingly popular. However, syndet bars have not replaced soap bars widely for a variety of reasons. One reason is that syndet bars, as compared to soap bars, are softer and smear more easily, i.e., partially dissolve or form a gel, with use.
Mild synthetic surfactant formulations that contain n-acyl sarcosine have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,608 and International Patent publication WO 92/16610. Detergent bars containing mild synthetic surfactant, e.g. acyl isethionate, and alkyl aryl sulfonate have been disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,879,309 and British Patent 1477897. The combined use of alkyl aryl sulfonate and n-acyl sarcosine in a mild synthetic surfactant formulation has not been disclosed.
A process for producing a synthetic detergent soap base with n-acyl sarcosine is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,186,855. This process involves the neutralization of n-acyl sarcosine at an elevated temperature with a fatty acid salt to the desired pH. A process for making mild, detergent-soap toilet bars containing acyl isethionate as the principal surfactant is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,284,598. This process incorporates a vegetable oil that reduces the viscosity of a liquid detergent-soap mixture making it readily pumpable, as compared to the mixture prepared in the absence of the vegetable oil.
It has now been discovered that a synthetic detergent base material, which combines a desirably high level of active ingredients, i. e., up to 85 weight percent total synthetic surfactant, and a low hot melt viscosity, which enables easy preparation of base material without special processing equipment, can be prepared. The synthetic detergent base material may be used with conventional adjuvant materials in skin cleansing compositions, e.g., bars, gels, pastes and liquids. Such formulations provide the desired physical properties associated with soap bars, such as acceptable bar smear, i.e., a rating of from 3 to 8 in the Hewitt Soap Company Method No. 107, and acceptable bar hardness properties, i.e., a rating from 30 to 90, using a Precision Universal Penetrometer and the procedure described in association with the Examples. This synthetic detergent base consists essentially of from 45 to 70 weight percent of mild synthetic surfactant (or mixtures of mild synthetic surfactants), from 20 to 30 weight percent of C
8
-C
22
fatty acid; from 1.5 to 10 weight percent of C
8
-C
22
n-acyl sarcosine, salts thereof or a mixture of the n-acyl sarcosine and salts thereof; from 0.5 to 5 weight percent of C
1
-C
22
alkyl aryl sulfonic acid, salts thereof or a mixture of the sulfonic acid and salts thereof; and from 1 to 5 weight percent salt(s) of C
8
-C
22
fatty acid. The pH of the synthetic detergent base ranges typically from 5 to 8, preferably from 5.5 to 7 and more preferably from 6 to 6.5. A syndet bar containing this detergent base and conventional soap bar adjuvant materials can be prepared using standard bar processing equipment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a synthetic detergent base material having a pH from 5 to 8 and consisting essentially of from 45 to 70 weight percent of mild synthetic surfactant (or mixtures of mild synthetic surfactants); from 20 to 30 weight percent of C
8
-C
22
fatty acid; from 1.5 to 10 weight percent of C
8
-C
22
n-acyl sarcosine, salt(s) thereof, or a mixture of the sarcosine and salt(s) thereof; from 0.5 to 5 weight percent of C
1
-C
22
alkyl aryl sulfonic acid, salt(s) thereof, or a mixture of the sulfonic acid and salt(s) thereof; and from 1 to 5 weight percent salt of C
8
-C
22
fatty acid. The pH of the synthetic base material is determined by measuring the pH of a 10 weight percent aqueous solution of the base material. As used herein and in the claims, the pH of the base material is understood to mean the pH of a 10 weight percent aqueous solution. All numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, weight ratios, or reaction conditions used herein and in the claims are to be understood as modified in all instances by the term “about”, except in the operating examples or where otherwise indicated. Also, all percentages used herein and in the claims are weight percents, unless otherwise noted, and are to be understood as based on the weight of the total composition of the material being described, e.g., the synthetic detergent base material and the synthetic detergent bar.
As used herein and in the claims, the term, mild synthetic surfactant, is intended to mean and include those surfactants which have a Relative Skin Barrier Penetration Value, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,608 at column 4, line 46 to column 6, line 44, of from near zero to about 75. Further, the term mild synthetic surfactant includes cosmetically acceptable salts of such surfactants. By cosmetically acceptable is meant that the salt may be used in cosmetic preparations, such as syndet bars. Examples of salts include the sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, monoethanolammonium, diethanolammonium and triethanolammmonium salts and mixtures of such salts.
Examples of mild synthetic surfactants include alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, methyl acyl taurates, n-acyl glutamates, alkyl glucosides, trideceth sulfates, i.e., sulfated ethoxylated tridecyl alcohol, acyl isethionates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, methyl glucose esters, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates and alkyl amine oxides, betaines, sultaines and cosmetically acceptable salts of such mild surfactants. Mixtures of such mild surfactants and/or the salts thereof may also be used. The alkyl and acyl groups for these mild surfactants typically contain from 8 to 22 carbon atoms (C
8
-C
22
). The degree of ethoxylation for these mild surfactants, e.g., the alkyl ether sulfates, such as ammonium and sodium lauryl ether sulfate, generally have an average of from 1 to 12 ethoxy groups.
Preferably, the amount of mild synthetic surfactant present in the synthetic base material ranges from 45 to 60 weight percent. More preferably, the mild synthetic surfactant represents from 50 to 60 weight percent of the base material and is selected from the group consisting of sodium and/or ammonium salts of acyl isethionates, e.g., sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate and mixtures of such cocoyl isethionates. Commercially available sources of sodium cocoyl isethionate may be formulated with stearic acid and typically also contain minor amounts of sodium isethionate and coconut fatty acid.
The synthetic detergent base further contains from 20 to 30 weight percent of fatty acid. The lipophilic portion of the fatty acid may comprise alkyl-, alkenyl-, or hydroxyalkenyl-groups containing from about 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms. The carbon chain may be linear, branched, even or odd numbered, saturated and unsaturated. When the fatty acid is derived from natural animal or vegetable sources, the acids generally comprise a mixture of the aforementioned lipophilic groups. For example, distilled mixed vegetable oil fatty acid may have the following carbon-chain distribution: 3 percent lauric fatty acid, 10-12 percent myristic acid, 15-20 percent palmitic acid, 18-25 percent stearic acid, 45-50 percent oleic acid and 5 percent linoleic acid.
The fatty acid may be derived from an anim
Alderfer Lorna
Allison William C.
Banchik David T.
BASF Corporation
Ogden Necholus
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