Electrical generator or motor structure – Dynamoelectric – Rotary
Patent
1983-06-20
1986-03-18
Skudy, R.
Electrical generator or motor structure
Dynamoelectric
Rotary
310114, 310165, 310268, H02K 900
Patent
active
045771260
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to synchronous electric machines (alternator or motor) of the type comprising a fixed superconductive inductor through which flows a DC current for creating a continuous magnetic field with axial symmetry about the axis of rotation of the rotor and a wound armature with normal conductivity through which flow multi-phase alternating currents during operation, as well as a rotor comprising ferromagnetic masses rotating in the field of the field windings so as to create alternating electromotive forces in the fixed windings, with normal conductivity.
Rotary machines of the above type are already known which have the advantage, over rotary superconductor machines with rotary field windings, of doing away with the need for rotary seals in the circuit of the cryogenic fluid for cooling the inductor. None of these known machines is able to form a high powered machine. The article by J. Huret et al. in "Bulletin de la Societe Francaise des Electriciens", vol 5, October 1964, No 58, pp 654 and 655 describes an alternator which is the transposition to the cryogenic field of conventional claw alternators in the automobile field: this is a machine whose rotor comprises a core in the form of a double cross, the two crosses surrounding the stator. The dynamo described in "PHILIPS Research Reports", vol 23, No 3, June 1968, pp 249-269 is of the homopolar type not comprising any armature with normal conductivity. The document FR-A-2 280 998 describes a rotary electric machine whose field windings and armature are both made from a superconductive material.
The present invention aims at providing a synchronous electric machine with superconductor answering better the requirements of practice than those previously known, especially in that it readily allows industrial powers to be reached.
To this end, the invention proposes more especially a machine in which the rotor is situated radially inside said wound armature and comprises several evenly spaced apart disks in the axial direction each of which comprises several ferromagnetic material masses spaced angularly evenly apart, the masses of all the disks being aligned.
Because of the use of a superconductive field winding, a very high polarizing field may be provided, permanently saturating the ferromagnetic material, which allows a low inductance value for the armature to be obtained, whatever the value of the armature currents. No sliding contact is required. The rotor may be formed by a massive piece withstanding well the centrifugal forces.
As a general rule, the field windings will be formed by a winding similar to that of a solenoid, creating a magnetic field with axial symmetry about the axis of rotation of the rotor. This latter will have to be centered accurately in the field windings for any deviation gives rise to electromagnetic forces which tend to increase it further during operation.
A screen made from an electricity conducting material will generally be provided between the wound armature and the field windings so as to protect this latter against the induction variations during operation of the machine.
The rotor may then be formed by a series of disks provided with evenly spaced ferromagnetic masses and supported by a common shaft for inputting or outputting mechanical power depending on whether the machine forms an alternator or a motor. The wound armature will have windings made from a material with normal conductivity, may then be disposed on fixed insulating disks, alternating with the disks of the rotor.
The invention will be better understood from reading the following description of a machine which forms a particular embodiment of the invention, given by way of example. The description refers to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of a rotary machine shown in section through a vertical plane;
FIG. 2 is a left-hand view of the machine, with the rotor removed;
FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematical views showing, respectively in a right-hand view and in section, one of the disks of the armature windings;
FIG.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3401286 (1968-09-01), French
patent: 3405290 (1968-10-01), Hallas
patent: 3564307 (1971-02-01), Kawabe et al.
patent: 3992641 (1976-11-01), Heinrich
patent: 4097758 (1978-06-01), Jenkins
patent: 4275323 (1981-06-01), Hatch
Fournet et al.; "UN Type D'Alternateur A Superconducteurs"; 10/1964; Paris, France.
Philips Research Reports; 6/1968; vol. 23; pp. 249-269; Eindhoven, Holland.
Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine
Skudy R.
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