Electricity: power supply or regulation systems – In shunt with source or load – Using a three or more terminal semiconductive device
Patent
1994-02-10
1996-12-10
Nappi, Robert
Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
In shunt with source or load
Using a three or more terminal semiconductive device
323271, 323288, 323299, H02M 3158
Patent
active
055834221
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a switch controller system for converting an input voltage (U.sub.E) into an output voltage (U.sub.A) including a control amplifier and a pulse width modulator in the control loop as well as a power output stage including a storage choke (L) as the control path
Switch controllers are used primarily as direct voltage converters for low to medium power applications. If the input voltage range lies above the output voltage, down converters are employed in the switch controllers. If, on the other hand, the input voltage range is lower than the output voltage, up converters are employed. Such switch controllers are disclosed, for example, by U. Tietzen, Ch. Schenk, in Halbleiterschaltungstechnik [Semiconductor Circuit Technology], Berlin, 1989, Chapter 18.6, pages 563-571. The down converter disclosed there is composed of a series connection of a series switch with a storage choke. The input of the storage choke is connected to ground potential by way of a reverse direction diode. The output voltage is obtained at the output of coil L. A smoothing capacitor determines the ripple of the output voltage. For the up converter, the storage choke receives the input voltage directly. At its output, the storage choke is connected to ground by way of a ground switch. The output voltage U.sub.A is tapped by way of a diode in forward direction. A smoothing capacitor here again takes care of reducing the output ripple. In order to prevent the output voltage from rising if the output currents are low, the ratio of turn-on time to turn-off time for the up converter and the down converter must be adapted accordingly. The generation of the pulse width modulated switching signal is effected by means of two modules: a control amplifier with voltage reference and a pulse width modulator. The pulse width modulator is generally composed of a sawtooth generator and a comparator. The comparator switches the switch on as long as the control voltage is greater than the delta voltage. The control voltage resulting therefrom is a rectangular voltage at a fixed frequency whose keying ratio is a function of the control voltage. Integrated pulse width modulators for switch controllers are known, for example, from Unitrode, Semiconductor Databook, 1987-1988, pages 12-6 to 12-11.
These known switch controllers have the drawback that, depending on whether the input voltage range lies above or below the output voltage, either a down converter or an up converter is employed in the switch controller.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a switch controller system which permits a broad input voltage range from below to above the output voltage and furnishes a constant output voltage over the entire input voltage range.
The above object generally is achieved according to the present invention by a switch controller system for converting an input voltage (U.sub.E) into an output voltage (U.sub.A) including a control amplifier and a pulse width modulator in the control loop, as well as a power output stage including a storage choke (L) as the control path, wherein the power output stage includes a down converter and an up converter so that an input voltage range from U.sub.E <U.sub.A to U.sub.E >U.sub.A can be fully regulated by the switch controller system. The features of the invention are discussed and disclosed below.
The switch controller system is able to regulate the broad input voltage range from below to above the output voltage because the power output stage includes a down converter and an up converter which are actuated by a control amplifier by way of a pulse width modulator.
It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the down converter and the up converter use a common storage choke L (FIG. 2). This results, on the one hand, in the advantage that only one storage choke need be included in the circuit and, on the other hand, in the transition between the two partial converters being improved.
As a further advantageous modifi
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U. Tietzen, Ch. Schenk: "Halbleiter-Schaltungstechnik" [Semiconductor Circuit Technology], Berlin 1989, Chapter 18.6, pp. 563-571.
Unitrode: Semiconductor Databook, 1987-1988, pp. 12-6 to 12-11.
Dirk Van Der Linde et al.: Design of a High-Frequency Planar Power Transformer in Multilayer Technology. In: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 38, No. 2, Apr. 1991, pp. 135-141.
Schillinger Jakob
Schirmer Klaus
Sikora Gernot
Han Y. J.
Nappi Robert
TEMIC Telefunken microelectronic GmbH
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