Surveying system including an electro-optic total station and a

Details Surveying system including an electro-optic total station and a Surveying system including an electro-optic total station and a

1991-11-20

1993-08-03

Moskowitz, Nelson

Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g.,

Directive

Including a satellite

342 58, 342357, 364443, 367 19, G01C 1500

Patent

active

052333574

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention concerns a terrestrial surveying system comprising an electro-optic total station for combined measurement of angle and distance and a data transfer interface at the total station which is coupled to data storage and data processing devices, A total station is also termed an electronic tachymeter. The angular measurement relates both to horizontal angles and also to vertical angles.
Satellite position-measuring systems enable three-dimensional differential position finding with geodetic accuracy A precondition is the use of a fixed receiving apparatus, tuned to the system, and one or more mobile sets. It is a characteristic feature of such systems that position finding can be undertaken in relatively short time intervals, e.g., in a few seconds, whereby it is also possible to rapidly determine changes in position. (The "KPGPS" method is the kinematic differential positioning with global positioning system method.)
The receiver used in this process is directly equipped with an antenna whose position can be determined with the aid of the system. Because of the quasi-optic propagation characteristics of the waveband chosen for the transmission system, usable reception of the satellite signals is ensured only if the receiving antenna lies directly in the footprint of the satellites. In the case of mobile receivers, the reception can be interrupted temporarily or permanently, especially by topographical obstacles, plant cover, buildings, etc., whereby errors in measurement can result, or a measurement can be rendered impossible.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of this invention to make it possible to survey, with the aid of a satellite system, points which do not always or do not certainly lie directly in the footprint of the satellite system. Furthermore, the redundancy of the measurement data determined is increased, so that reliable measurement results, e.g., for official surveying, are obtained.
This object is achieved according to the invention with the features defined by Patent Claim 1.
With the aid of the measurements defined, it also becomes possible to determine by means of an exceptionally flexible use of the system components, the coordinates of such points as would otherwise have been impossible , or only unreliably capable of being surveyed with the use of satellite position-measuring systems. In this process, the reliability of the measurement results is substantially increased by the possibility of use in conjunction with conventional surveying methods. On the other hand, the incorporation of characteristic features of the satellite position-measuring system leads to higher accuracies for the measurement results derived.


BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to illustrative embodiments with the aid of the drawings, wherein in schematic representation:
FIG. 1 shows an example of a surveying set, consisting of a total station and an attachable satellite receiver for a satellite position-measuring system;
FIG. 2 shows the use of a total station with a mounted satellite receiver to find its own position, and a further portable satellite receiving apparatus;
FIG. 3 shows an example of geodesy with a total station, without a satellite receiver, and additionally two mobile satellite receiving apparatuses, giving autonomous position finding and data transfer information to a central data capture station; and
FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of data circuits in the surveying system.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 shows a total station 1 for the combined measurement of angle and distance, which is provided with a positive centering unit 2 for attaching a satellite position-measuring receiver 3. The positive centering unit 2 has an upper portion 2a attached to the satellite position-measuring receiver 3 and a lower portion 2b attached to the total station 1. The receiver 3, which is set for the satellite position-measuring system, is provided with an appr

REFERENCES:
patent: 4615617 (1986-10-01), Frank et al.
patent: 4620788 (1986-01-01), Giger
patent: 4686474 (1987-08-01), Olsen et al.
patent: 4741245 (1988-05-01), Malone
patent: 4743913 (1988-05-01), Takai

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