Surgery – Instruments – Forceps
Patent
1992-09-30
1994-05-24
Pellegrino, Stephen C.
Surgery
Instruments
Forceps
606205, 606174, A61B 1728
Patent
active
053144457
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a surgical instrument for performing cutting or gripping movements within a patient's body.
U.S. Pat. No. 0,003,668 describes a micro-surgery device with an elongate tube body that may be inserted into a patient's body. At the front end of the tube body, there is a stationary leg of a forceps. Cooperating with this stationary leg of the forceps is a movable leg of the forceps provided at the front end of a rod displaceable within the tube body. According to another possibility, the rod movable within the tube body is provided with two laterally resilient forceps legs that spread apart when being moved out of the tube end and that are pressed against each other when the rod is withdrawn.
There are applications, in which the instrument has to be advanced in a straight line up to the point of operation, without lateral projections protruding from the tube body. Further, it is often necessary to apply the forceps legs at sites lateral of the puncture channel through which the tube body leads. This necessity occurs in particular when vessel clamps or the like have to be set lateral of the operation site.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to provide a surgical instrument that allows to selectively perform operations in an axial orientation with the tube body and lateral thereof.
This object is solved, according to the invention, with the features mentioned in claim 1.
In the surgical instrument of the present invention, the forceps legs may be moved in two ways, namely either in opposite directions for closing and opening the forceps, or in the same direction for being pivoted laterally with respect to the tube axis. According to the respective application, the forceps legs may be designed such that they have cooperating cutting blades like the legs of a pair of scissors, or that they form a clamping forceps that is not for cutting movements, but only presses parts together bluntly. The surgical instrument may also be used to set clamps such as vessel clamps that are held by the forceps legs and are inserted into a patient's body and which are used to clamp vessels or the like inside the body. The surgical instrument may be inserted into a patient's body through a puncture channel. To this end, a pipe is provided, preferably, which is introduced first into a patient's body and keeps the puncture channel free. Thereafter, the tube body is guided to the operation site through this pipe.
For pivoting the forceps legs in the same direction, a separate actuating element may be provided at the end portion. Suitably, however, the forceps legs are pivot ed in the same direction by turning the handle having the actuating element for opening and closing the forceps legs. In doing so, the handle is turned relative to the tube body, whereby the forceps legs are displaced laterally with respect to the tube body either in the one or the other pivoting direction.
The instrument allows to turn the two forceps legs in parallel such that the opening and closing operations of the forceps legs to be performed may be executed in an angular range between 0.degree. and 90.degree. with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube body. In each of the pivotal positions, the forceps legs may be opened and closed by operating the actuating lever provided at the handle.
The transmission device for transmitting the force to the forceps legs may include cable controls, rods or spring wires. When using cable controls, a particularly narrow guiding of the cable controls may be provided, the tube body then having a small diameter. The cable controls may be guided by guide rollers and/or eyes. The cable controls that are guided around pi voting bodies, cause a transformation of a rotational movement into an axial movement and, at the front end of the instrument, they transform the axial movement into a rotational movement again. In order to achieve a transmission, the disc bodies arranged in the end portion are larger than those arranged in the head portion.
The fo
REFERENCES:
patent: 4258716 (1981-03-01), Sutherland
patent: 4763669 (1988-08-01), Jaeger
patent: 5209747 (1993-05-01), Knoepfler
Heidmueller Harald
Heidmueller nee Degwitz Elke
Peffley M.
Pellegrino Stephen C.
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