Pumps – One fluid pumped by contact or entrainment with another – Jet
Patent
1997-03-18
1998-11-24
Thorpe, Timothy
Pumps
One fluid pumped by contact or entrainment with another
Jet
417163, 417170, 417198, F04F 544
Patent
active
058398848
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a supersonic device, and more particularly, to a jet nozzle, having an elongated tubular mixer-diffuser housing having a first drive nozzle disposed axially and in tandem, with a second drive nozzle having a displacement body.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Multiple ejectors which includes at least two nozzles arranged by decreasing size one behind the other in the direction of flow can be used for various purposes. Thus, from German Patent No. 3025525 A1, an ejector device is known in which at least two ejectors formed of a corresponding number of jet nozzles of increasing size are arranged axially one behind the other within a common elongated housing. The common housing consists of a plurality of sections which adjoin each other in longitudinal direction and can be combined in any desired manner with each other, each of the sections containing at most one transverse wall. The ejector device disclosed in this reference is used, for instance, to produce pressure and vacuum for mechanically moving sheets of paper in printing plants, and therefore only produce a very slight vacuum, i.e. very small pressure ratios and very small quantities of fluid flow. The conversion of pressure into kinetic energy which takes place in the nozzles of these ejector devices is only slight and is not comparable to high-performance supersonic nozzles which can produce high pressure ratios.
A conventional supersonic device having two drive nozzles is known from the dissertation of H. R. Loser of the Polytechnical Institute of Darmstadt, dated Nov. 8, 1965. The supersonic device disclosed in this reference has the structural shape of a conventional two-stage supersonic ejector which is formed of two individual stages with central primary nozzles and cylindrical mixing chambers. Adjoining the mixing chamber of the second stage is the conventional subsonic cone diffuser.
As a result of this dissertation, it is known that small secondary pressure ratios are possible only in conjunction with small mass ratios, and can be improved by increasing the primary pressure. The two-stage ejector disclosed in this reference can thus be used only for small mass ratios.
In addition, the two-stage supersonic ejector is characterized by a disadvantageous power-losing deceleration in the first supersonic diffuser, followed by acceleration in the adjoining part.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a structurally simple supersonic device which produces a propellant related increase in power.
The jet nozzle of the present invention comprises first and second drive nozzles arranged axially and in tandem in respective first and second cylindrical parts of a mixer-diffuser housing. In operation, the first and second drive nozzles produce respective first and second jet cores at their respective output openings. The cylindrical parts are connected to each other by a generally conical first mixer part, which defines therein a mixing zone for the first nozzle. The second drive nozzle includes a displacement body which extends into the first mixer part. As a result, the power losses typically associated with tandemly arranged drive nozzles due to degradation of compression pulses emanating from the first drive nozzle are avoided. However, avoiding the degradation of the compression pulses advantageously increases the pressure in the first jet nozzle. Therefore, while high-power jet nozzles typically have a pressure ratio of no more than .gamma.=12, pressure ratios of between .gamma.=20 to 30 may now be developed in a tandem jet nozzle under equivalent propellant steam consumption conditions. Furthermore, a tandem jet nozzle designed for a pressure ratio of approximately .gamma.=12 consumes about half the amount of steam as a conventional jet nozzle. When configured as a two-stage tandem jet nozzle, a total steam savings of approximately 70% is possible.
Therefore, attempts to configure a jet pump according to the p
REFERENCES:
patent: 2424722 (1947-07-01), Strohecker et al.
patent: 2602398 (1952-07-01), Nittka
patent: 3371618 (1968-03-01), Chambers
patent: 4487553 (1984-12-01), Nagata
Mannesmann AG
Thorpe Timothy
Tyler Cheryl J.
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