Structure for a firing table

Details Structure for a firing table Structure for a firing table

1996-08-16

1998-07-28

Bennett, Henry A.

Heating

Accessory means for holding, shielding or supporting work...

Support structure for heat treating ceramics

432259, F27D 500

Patent

active

057855196

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This appln is a 371 of PCT/DE95/00189 filed Feb. 16, 1995.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains to a structure for a firing table for carrying especially ceramic items to be fired, such as sanitary porcelain, dishes, or the like.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various types of kilns have been known for firing such items. Tunnel kilns and roller kilns as representatives of continuously operating kilns, as well as hood type kilns or bogie hearth kilns as representatives of intermittently operating kilns are of particular significance.
There is a special problem in connection with the loading and unloading of the items to be fired on or from a corresponding support especially in the case of the firing of sensitive items, such as porcelain. The support usually comprises a kiln car in the case of a tunnel kiln and, e.g., a plate in the case of a roller kiln. The various supports will hereinafter be collectively called a firing table.
Various constructions have been known for this purpose, which comprise essentially props, on which plates lie, and the items to be fired are placed on the said plates. A plurality of such units comprising props and plates are assembled one on top of another (prospectus of the Gobel-Werk GmbH, GroBalmerode, Germany, 1985).
The loading and unloading are always performed manually. It is difficult to place on and remove the item to be fired, especially in the case of items located in the middle, because the distance between the individual plates is kept as short as possible to increase the amount of items that can be accepted for firing. It is sometimes even necessary to build up the so-called kiln furniture, i.e., the props and plates, anew for each kiln pass and to disassemble them at the end of the kiln.
Besides the above-mentioned firing bench structure, encapsulation of the item to be fired has been known as well. Plates are placed, e.g., into a capsule one by one, and a plurality of capsules may be arranged one on top of another. It is obvious that this process for loading a firing table is also extraordinarily expensive and can usually be performed only manually.
Props for placing on ceramic items to be fired have been known from, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,137,910 A, DE 28 44 281 A1, and DE 35 16 490 A1. Every individual part is placed on a separate prop, which may have, e.g., the shape of a tripod.
DE 27 17 784 A1 describes a car for a tunnel kiln, in which the car has a support device for items to be fired, which comprises crossbeams with grooves. Rollers which form a roller plane are located in the grooves, and the rollers are rotatable via a common drive. The crossbeams are said to consist of metal. The items to be fired can be placed on this prior-art car in one layer only. Consequently, only a very small amount of items to be fired can be placed on the car, and the setting density is therefore unsatisfactory. A metal shelf with loading planes consisting of rotatable rollers is described in FR-A-1,544,901.
A static structure consisting of props, hollow tubes, tubes and cassettes is described in DE 93 01 095 U1.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The basic object of the present invention is to provide a firing table structure which simplifies the loading and unloading of the items to be fired such that the loading and unloading can preferably be performed in a mechanized manner. The smallest possible mass of firing aids (kiln furniture) as well as the highest possible setting density are also desirable in order to make possible energy-saving operation.
The present invention is based on the consideration that an absolutely "static" firing table structure, i.e., an arrangement of the kiln furniture in which each part maintains its fixed place between assembly and disassembly, can be replaced with a "mobile" firing table structure, which can nevertheless have a plurality of levels and thus makes possible a high setting density.
One idea is to use the individual firing table planes as conveying means.
The items to be fired or the corresponding support plate shall no lon

REFERENCES:
patent: 1492188 (1924-04-01), Young
patent: 3739921 (1973-06-01), Schmidt
patent: 4013403 (1977-03-01), Petrus

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