Power plants – Motive fluid energized by externally applied heat – Process of power production or system operation
Patent
1996-11-27
1998-12-22
Kamen, Noah P.
Power plants
Motive fluid energized by externally applied heat
Process of power production or system operation
60679, F01K 734
Patent
active
058507396
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the steam power field and, more particularly, it can be used in reheat steam turbine power plants as well as in non-reheat steam turbine power plants during their retrofitting by introducing an additional steam reheating.
DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART
The method of operating a steam turbine power plant is known to those skilled in the art and according to which steam, expanded in the first turbine blade stages, is supplied from the turbine to the steam reheaters where additional heat is added to it. After the steam is reheated, the steam is returned to the turbine to expand through the next blade stages (see, for example, V. Ya. Rizhkin "Steam electrical power stations", M-L, Energy, 1967, p. 30-36, 50-54).
The steam turbine power plant is known to those skilled in the art to implement the above-mentioned known method. The steam turbine power plant generally comprises a boiler with a primary superheater, a steam turbine consisting of a high pressure cylinder (HPC), an intermediate pressure cylinder (IPC) and a low pressure cylinder (LPC), boiler reheaters connected to the turbine with steam pipes, an electrical generator, a condenser, water pumps and a feed water heating system connected to the boiler with piping (see, for example, V. Ya. Rizhkin "Steam electrical power stations", M-L Energy, 1967, p. 30, FIG. 3-1; p. 35, FIG. 3-3; p 67, FIGS. 6-4, 6-5).
When operating system turbine power plant, the said method and the steam turbine power plant allow the diagram steam moisture content to be reduced at the end of the expansion process in the turbine from 12% . . . 15% to 7% . . . 8% in comparison with a non-reheat steam turbine power plant thereby increasing the efficiency and reliability of the steam turbine power plant.
However, the terminal moisture existing there reduces the efficiency and reliability of these steam turbine power plants and in addition to this, the said steam turbine power plants have a reduced flexibility under startup-shutdown conditions due to a considerable difference between the steam temperature entering from the reheaters and the turbine metal temperature.
The nearest known method to the invention is the method of operation of a steam turbine power plant according to which, during startup conditions up to the rated load and before supplying steam from the HPC to the IPC, the cold steam leaving the HPC is divided into two flows: one flow is supplied to the reheater for reheating, while the other flow is directed to a bypass line bypassing the reheater. Both steam flows are controlled by a control element provided in the bypass line. Then, the bypassed cold steam is mixed with the reheated steam into one flow and this mixture is supplied to the turbine. After the rated load has been achieved and under the next steady state operation conditions, the cold steam through the bypass line is stopped by closing the control element and the steam turbine power plant is operated with one steam flow from the HPC to the IPC that was exposed to reheating in the reheater (see "Typical Instruction for starting the turbine from various thermal conditions and for shutting down 300 MW Units with LMZ's 300 MW turbine K-300240 working in a Unit principle", M. Sojuztechenergo, 1980, p. 12").
The nearest known plant to the invention is a steam turbine power plant for implementing the above said known method consisting of a boiler with the primary superheater, a steam turbine comprising a high pressure cylinder (HPC), an intermediate pressure cylinder (PC), a low pressure cylinder (LPC), a reheater connected to the turbine with steam piping, a bypass line with a control element bypassing the reheater, an electrical generator, a condenser, water pumps and a feed water heating system connected to the boiler with piping (see USSR Patent No. 134030, class F 01 D 17/00 published in 1987).
The said known method and steam turbine power plant expedite the heating and cooling processes in the turbine during startups and shutdowns by reducing the temperature differen
REFERENCES:
patent: 4571935 (1986-02-01), Rice
patent: 4598551 (1986-07-01), Dimitroff, Jr. et al.
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