Liquid heaters and vaporizers – Indirectly heated – Separate fluid
Patent
1980-07-28
1984-05-08
Yuen, Henry C.
Liquid heaters and vaporizers
Indirectly heated
Separate fluid
122 6A, 122235A, 122510, F22B 102, F22B 3724
Patent
active
044468202
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a helical tube steam generator heated by liquid metal, including a central pipe being closed at a lower end and being disposed in a container, one or more down pipes for feedwater disposed in the central tube, a shell, and helical tube bundles surrounded by the shell.
To increase the degree of total effectiveness of steam power installations, it is advantageous to again superheat the already expanded and cooled steam in the high and medium pressure portion of a steam turbine. In nuclear reactors which are cooled with liquid metal, for example sodium, which have considerably higher requirements with respect to safety and reliability than conventionally heated steam power plants, this intermediate superheating was either avoided, or built into separate structures which run parallel to the superheaters on the side of the hot liquid metal. Nuclear reactor plants which often produce considerably more power than conventionally heated installations, must not only generate current with high availability and a high degree of total effectiveness; in the case of a malfunction, which is after all possible, the heat generated by the nuclear reactor must be conducted away in a manner so that the nuclear reactor does not exceed the operating temperatures for which it is by much. For this reason, up to now, the efforts were directed to separate apparatus of different kinds, such as, for example, superheater and intermediate superheater, so that they do not influence each other disadvantageously in case of a malfunction, and can be operated independently of each other. But this separate construction leads especially in liquid metal cooled nuclear energy plants to considerable expenditures for tube lines, insulation, and safety devices, even when disregarding the additional space requirement which especially is connected with high costs in nuclear energy plants.
A liquid metal/ water-heat exchanger used as a steam generator for nuclear energy plants is already described in the German Published, Non-prosecuted Application DE-OS No. 24 48 832. Several vertical tube bundles, each surrounded by a jacket which is open at the top and bottom, are arranged in a container so that they can be exchanged from the top. Because the hot liquid metal is conducted in counterflow to the water or the steam, a compact arrangement is already achieved thereby, wherein the individual tube bundles in case of damage, can be quickly exchanged with low cost. However, the intermediate superheating of the steam with hot liquid metal is not provided in this arrangement.
The invention has the objective to construct a steam generator-heated by liquid metal which is more economical than the present ones. This economy is to be achieved by:
(1) with respect to the thermal effectiveness of the steam plant by intermediate superheating of the steam with hot liquid metal,
(2) with respect to the costs of the installation by integrating the intermediate superheater into the already existing steam generator-container,
(3) with respect to the operating costs by facilitating inspection and repair, and by redundant suspension of the steam-generating bundles.
To achieve this objective, there is provided a steam generator wherein a plurality of tube bundles are disposed on top of each other, with horizontal spaces inbetween the tube bundles wherein only tubes are located, and besides one or more tube bundles with steam generating and/or superheating tubes, there are provided additional tube bundles containing intermediate superheater tubes. It was conventional up to now to construct steam generators which are heated by liquid metal as compactly as possible, and without large interspaces between heating surfaces of different kinds, because the volume of these containers firstly directly influences their price, and secondly the increase of the liquid metal volume also raises the price of the whole installation, including the ancillary installations. However, deviating from this principle, the horizontal interspaces between individual tube bundles
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Jansing Walter
Vinzens Kurt
Greenberg Laurence A.
Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau GmbH
Lerner Herbert L.
Yuen Henry C.
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