Fluid handling – Flow affected by fluid contact – energy field or coanda effect – Means to cause rotational flow of fluid
Patent
1996-05-13
1997-07-29
Chambers, A. Michael
Fluid handling
Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect
Means to cause rotational flow of fluid
137810, 137811, F15C 116
Patent
active
056513925
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention enables the speed of a fluid to be increased without the use of movable mechanical elements, which is advantageous in many applications, particularly when the speed of the fluid is limited.
It is known that a fluid moving at a speed V and striking an obstacle AB of C.sub.x greater than one experiences an increase in speed, starting from the last edge struck (A--FIG. 1), according to the formula: resultant or escape speed=upstream speed.times..sqroot.C.sub.x ##EQU1##
The greatest increase in speed is achieved with a hollow, semi-circular obstacle (FIG. 2) of C.sub.x =2.3, which is the greatest known.
If this operation could be repeated, as in electronic amplifiers, the performance or the precision of equipment using the energy of fluids would be greatly improved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a principle of fluid flow relevant to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a refinement to the principle shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of a fluid-speed multiplier according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a pictorial view showing a fluid-speed multiplier according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention in use with a vacuum gauge.
FIG. 7 is a sectioned view of an air scouring gun embodying the present invention.
This profile across the fluid current can be considered as a speed amplifier of coefficient K=.sqroot.C.sub.x , at least for the region CE (FIG. 2) which borders the low-pressure wake (abcde--FIG. 2). Another obstacle (FG--FIG. 3) may be placed across the accelerated jet (H.sub.1 H.sub.2 --FIG. 3) so as to achieve a further acceleration of the fluid leaving FG (FIG. 3). For this purpose, the obstacle FG must intercept the accelerated jet H.sub.1 H.sub.2 (FIG. 3) over a width L.sub.2 less than the starting width (L.sub.1) and FG must be connected to CD by a wall CF (FIG. 3) in order for the acceleration phenomenon to be reproduced, the width of the jet accelerated for a second time decreasing in proportion to its speed.
The increase in the speed of the fluid brings about, behind the obstacle, a low pressure D.sub.P (FIG. 3) which is proportional to V.sup.2.sub.2 (2.degree. .sctn.) and hence to C.sub.x since ##EQU2## at each new obstacle responding to the conditions of position and dimensions given above (lines 22 to 26).
There is a moment at which the increase in speed of the fluid is such that the thickness (e--FIG. 3) of the jet becomes insufficient, the jet being transformed into ineffective eddies.
APPLICATIONS
1) The multiplication of the speed of the fluid greatly increases the power of a machine (T') using this fluid, for a given dimension (FIG. 4), such as an aeraulic turbine, for example.
2) If this multiplier obstacle is developed in a ring around a turbine (T), for example, (section of FIG. 5) the speed of the accelerated fluid will give even more power.
3) If the multiplier obstacles M' and M" (FIG. 5) are placed on both sides of the main obstacle DC, also in a rings, the low pressure D.sub.P behind the assembly, and hence also the power developed by the turbine (T), will increase even further.
4) The operation of vacuum gauges and fluid meters is greatly improved by virtue of the greater vacuum which increases the sensitivity of the devices (FIG. 6) and allows them to be made more robust.
5) Pneumatic and hydraulic transmission. The increase in the speed of fluids at the end of their paths prevents or partially compensates for losses of head in pipes, both for measurements and for remote control and power transfer.
6) Scouring or drilling guns in surface working with pure fluids or loaded fluids, the impact of which is reinforced.
7) Mining and underground drilling HEADS of all kinds.
EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION
Compressed-air securing gun
A pipe of rectangula
REFERENCES:
patent: 3461897 (1969-08-01), Kwok
patent: 5076327 (1991-12-01), Mettner
patent: 5303782 (1994-04-01), Johannessen
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