Machine element or mechanism – Engine starters – Radial meshing
Patent
1996-08-05
1998-10-20
Marmor, Charles A.
Machine element or mechanism
Engine starters
Radial meshing
74 7C, 192 42, F02N 1504
Patent
active
058230483
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The currently used starters for engines, in particular piston-type internal combustion engines, include an electric driving motor having an axially displaceable starter pinion, which can be made to engage in the starting gear toothing through axial displacement with the aid of an actuating means, for example an electric lifting magnet. Such a starter is, for example, described in DE-A-42 04 124.
Starters of an older design have a transmission pinion that is fixed immovably to the drive shaft of the electric driving motor and meshes continuously with the starter pinion, wherein the starter pinion can be made to engage in the toothing for the engine starting gear by swiveling it around the axis of the drive shaft. Such starters are known, for example, from DE-PS 325 109; 390 160; 369 639 and 490 441.
These designs are relatively complex because they always require an additional actuation means that must be activated to make the starter pinion mesh with the toothing for the starting gear.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the object of the invention to create a starter with a simplified structural design and, accordingly, fewer structural components.
The invention solves this with a starter of the above-described type, having an electric driving motor, the drive shaft of which is operatively connected with a transmission pinion via an overrunning clutch that locks in the rotational drive direction. The transmission pinion itself meshes with a starter pinion, mounted in such a way that it rotates on a swiveling device, which is installed such that it swivels around the drive shaft axis and is operatively connected with the drive shaft via a friction clutch. Such a starter has the advantage that when the electric driving motor is activated, it swivels the swiveling device with the aid of the friction clutch, thereby causing the starter pinion to mesh with the toothing for the starting gear and to maintain this contact as long as the driving motor is operational. As soon as the engine is started, with the engine speed as a rule being higher even when idling than the speed of the electric driving motor for the starter by taking into account the gear ratio between starter gear and starter pinion. As a result, thereby the electric driving motor for the starter would be forced to also rotate with increased speed. The series-connected overrunning device, however, has the effect of allowing a free running of the starter pinion and transmission pinion, depending on the speed of the starting gear, without the transmission pinion exerting a forced torque on the rotor of the electric driving motor. As long as the electric driving motor for the starter is switched on, the starter pinion continues to mesh with the starting gear via the friction clutch that acts upon the swiveling device. As soon as the power supply for the electric driving motor is turned off, the swiveling device can be turned with the aid of corresponding restoring means, for example a spring or even the force of gravity, thus disengaging the starter pinion. Additional actuators for actuating the swiveling device are therefore not needed.
In order to further simplify the design and reduce the structural components, it is possible to dispense with the restoring means if in a further improvement of the invention, the electric driving motor is designed such that it can reverse its rotational direction. This arrangement has the advantage that by way of a respective electric switchgear, the electric driving motor briefly reverses the rotational direction at the exact moment when the starter switch is turned to the zero position and the electric driving motor is without power, so that the swiveling device is turned back to the rest position with the aid of the friction clutch that acts upon the swiveling device. The swiveling device can then be kept in this rest position by the force of gravity, if necessary with the additional effect of a lightweight retaining spring or a spring catch. Expediently the swiveling device effectively a
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patent: 1498317 (1924-06-01), Brockway
patent: 1502671 (1924-07-01), Hillmer et al.
patent: 1600460 (1926-09-01), Eichenberg
patent: 1633862 (1927-06-01), Kelly et al.
patent: 2151042 (1939-03-01), Mcgrath
patent: 2823546 (1958-02-01), Barrett
patent: 2905001 (1959-09-01), Courtney et al.
patent: 3820406 (1974-06-01), Toulier
FEV Motorentechnik GmbH & Co. KG
Marmor Charles A.
Parekh Ankur
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