Fuel and related compositions – Liquid fuels – Organic nitrogen compound containing
Reexamination Certificate
1999-10-04
2001-08-07
Medley, Margaret (Department: 1714)
Fuel and related compositions
Liquid fuels
Organic nitrogen compound containing
C044S419000, C564S153000, C564S159000, C564S160000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06270540
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a gasoline additive and the method for producing the same, more particularly to a poly(oxyalkylene)triamide alkoxylates gasoline additive and the method for producing the same. The triamide alkoxylates are particularly tri-hydroxytelechelic oxybutoxylate oligomers.
2. Description of the Related Art
Many kinds of compounds have been used as an additive for hydrocarbon fuels, e.g., fuels in the gasoline boiling range for preventing deposits in engines, controlling octane requirement increases and reducing octane requirement. U.S. Pat. No. 4,236,020, assigned to Chevron Research Company, discloses compounds for use as deposit control additives in internal combustion engines that comprise poly(oxyalkylene) carbamates. U.S. Pat. No. 5,352,251, assigned to Shell Oil Company, discloses the use of cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds as additives in fuel compositions. U.S. Pat. No. 5,855,630, assigned to Shell Oil company, discloses the use of multiple amide polyether alcohols as gasoline additive to reduce intake value deposits. However, these conventional additive compounds are oil-soluble and have high molecular weight, single hydrophilic group and single hydrophobic group per molecule.
U.S. co-pending patent application Ser. No. 09/211,311, assigned to Chinese Petroleum Corporation, discloses a poly(oxyalkylene)diamide alkoxylates gasoline additive with a Gemini structure, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The Gemini surfactants have two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups per molecule, rather than the single hydrophilic group and single hydrophobic group per molecule of the conventional fuel additive compounds. The Gemini surfactants, compared to conventional surfactants with the same equivalent number of carbon atoms per hydrophilic group, have unexpected properties of unusually low critical micelle concentration and C
20
values in aqueous media. Therefore, the Gemini surfactants are more efficient in reducing surface tension and have better solubility in water aid in formulating products. Furthermore, the Gemini surfactants have a positive affect on reducing octane requirement of engines.
It is desired to provide a new composition of gasoline-soluble additive compounds that can achieve good performance as the conventional high molecular weight and oil-soluble additive compounds while used in less amounts as compared to the conventional additive compounds.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a new class of additive compounds useful for hydrocarbon fuels that show a good performance in decreasing intake valve deposits, positively affecting the engine octane requirement, reducing the combustion chamber deposits and preventing haze formation in the fuel, as well as a method for producing the same.
The surfactancy and the performance in engine test are generally correlated with the butoxylate structural shapes, functionality and molecular weight. In other words, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance is related to the content of amide, hydroxy, oxybutylene group and their orientation. A structure of three hydroxy telechelic groups and three amide in a symmetric shape is different from a dihydroxy telechelic group of same molecular weight.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a gasoline additive comprises a compound having the general formula:
wherein x, y and z are from 1 to 20, R is poly(oxyalkylene) of a molecular weight from 72 to 1000, particularly the poly(oxyalkylene) group can be poly(oxyethylene), poly(oxypropylene) and poly(oxybutylene), and R′ is an alkyl having a carbon number from 2 to 18.
The structure is further defined by three amide polar center, and three poly(oxyalkylene) nonpolar tails. The star-like structure is consisting of three equal distance arms from the center of hydrophilic groups. The star-like structures have generally low viscosity in comparing with linear analogs of similar molecular weight.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing a gasoline additive comprises the steps of:
(1) preparing a poly(oxyalkylene)triamide compound having the general formula:
by amidation of an alkyl acetate with a triamine; and
(2) alkoxylation of said triamide compound with 1,2-epoxyalkane.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, a fuel composition comprises a mixture of a major amount of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of a gasoline additive comprising a compound having the general formula:
wherein x, y and z are from 1 to 20, R is poly(oxyalkylene) of a molecular weight from 72 to 1000, and R′ is an alkyl having a carbon number from 2 to 18.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3839372 (1974-10-01), Schneider
patent: 4619775 (1986-10-01), Steltenkamp
patent: 5855630 (1999-01-01), Lin
Ho Yung-Sheng
Ku Wei-Shiun
Lee Che-Nan
Lin Jiang-Jen
Lin Kun-Hai
Chinese Petroleum Corporation
Foley & Lardner
Medley Margaret
Toomer Cephia D.
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