Compositions – Durable finishes for textile materials – or processes of... – Oil or water repellent or soil resistant or retardant
Patent
1997-05-28
1998-06-02
Lieberman, Paul
Compositions
Durable finishes for textile materials, or processes of...
Oil or water repellent or soil resistant or retardant
811556, 8557, 8560, 8589, D06M 1008, C14C 900
Patent
active
057594317
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a composition and process for providing stain release/resistance to fibrous materials, particularly polyamide fibrous materials such as nylon and wool carpets, nylon, wool, silk fabrics and natural and synthetic leathers. The invention also relates to a direct application process for providing stain release/resistance to fibrous materials.
BACKGROUND
Fibrous polyamide articles such as nylon and wool carpets, nylon, wool and silk fabrics, natural leather and synthetic fibers are particularly susceptible to staining by natural and artificial acid colorants such as are commonly found in many foods and beverages. There has been a long felt need for compositions and processes for economically providing such fibrous polyamide articles with resistance to acid colorant staining.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,081,383 (Warburton, Jr., et al.) discloses an anti-soiling treatment for carpets and carpet yarns. The carpet or carpet yarns prior to carpet manufacture are coated with a polymeric material containing either (A) a blend of a methacrylic acid emulsion copolymer having an epoxy resin, or (B) a methacrylic acid emulsion copolymer having epoxy monomer units therein. The copolymer in either case contains 40% to 70% by weight methacrylic acid.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,669,812 (Munk et al.) discloses a method for imparting stain resistance to fibers containing free amino groups, and especially polyamide fibers by contacting the fiber with a solution of an aliphatic sulphonic acid containing 8 to 24 carbons, under acidic conditions. If the fibers are not thoroughly rinsed after application of the aliphatic sulphonic acid the product of this method after being dried has an undesirable finish due to the deposition of a filmy coating.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,579,762 (Ucci) discloses stain resistant nylon carpet in which the nylon fibers are made from polymers modified to contain, as an integral part of its polymer chain, aromatic sulphonate units and in which the backing adhesive contains a fluorochemical.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,329,391 (McAlister) discloses the treatment of synthetic fibers with a sulphonated polyester stain-releasing finish in an aqueous bath which includes the addition of water soluble salts to the aqueous fabric treating bath.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,322,488 (Freeman) discloses sulphomethylated condensation products of bisphenols and aldehydes for use in treating synthetic polyamide and polyurethane fibers to render them resistant to acid and direct dyes.
Australian Patent No. 599427 discloses a method for imparting polyamide materials with stain resistance to natural and synthetic colorants which comprises contacting the polyamide material with a water-soluble divalent metal salt of a partially sulphonated novolak resin.
Australian Patent No. 632641 (hereafter the "'641 patent") describes a method for imparting stain resistance to fibrous polyamide materials in which the polyamide materials are coated with stain resistant agents comprising (a) a partially sulphonated novolak resin, and (b) polymethacrylic acid, copolymers of methacrylic acid or combinations of said polymethacrylic acid and copolymers of polymethacrylic acid, or combinations of (a) and (b).
Conventional treatment processes require thorough washing of the treated polyamide material prior to drying in order to remove resin which is not associated with the fibers. Unfixed reagents cause gluing of the fibers. In terms of processing or treating large amounts of material, this is inconvenient and costly, as well as environmentally problematic given the organic waste produced.
Thus, there currently exists a need for compositions and processes for imparting stain resistance to fibrous materials which do not adversely effect the finish of the treated fiber, which fully treat the fibrous material avoiding "dead spaces", and which do not reduce the performance of fluorochemical treatments for oil and water repellency.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided an aqueous treating compositio
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Delcotto Gregory R.
Lieberman Paul
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
Schulte Daniel C.
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