Active solid-state devices (e.g. – transistors – solid-state diode – Organic semiconductor material
Reexamination Certificate
2008-05-20
2008-05-20
Huynh, Andy (Department: 2818)
Active solid-state devices (e.g., transistors, solid-state diode
Organic semiconductor material
C136S243000, C136S263000
Reexamination Certificate
active
10979145
ABSTRACT:
A device is provided having a first electrode, a second electrode, a first photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ1and a second photoactive region having a characteristic absorption wavelength λ2. The photoactive regions are disposed between the first and second electrodes, and further positioned on the same side of a reflective layer, such that the first photoactive region is closer to the reflective layer than the second photoactive region. The materials comprising the photoactive regions may be selected such that λ1is at least about 10% different from λ2. The device may further comprise an exciton blocking layer disposed adjacent to and in direct contact with the organic acceptor material of each photoactive region, wherein the LUMO of each exciton blocking layer other than that closest to the cathode is not more than about 0.3 eV greater than the LUMO of the acceptor material.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5703436 (1997-12-01), Forrest et al.
patent: 6097147 (2000-08-01), Baldo et al.
patent: 6333458 (2001-12-01), Forrest et al.
patent: 6352777 (2002-03-01), Bulovic et al.
patent: 6420031 (2002-07-01), Parthasarathy et al.
patent: 6440769 (2002-08-01), Peumans et al.
patent: 6451415 (2002-09-01), Forrest et al.
patent: 6580027 (2003-06-01), Forrest et al.
patent: 6657378 (2003-12-01), Forrest et al.
patent: 6670213 (2003-12-01), Halls et al.
patent: 7196366 (2007-03-01), Forrest et al.
patent: 2003/0039803 (2003-02-01), Burroughes
patent: 2005/0038296 (2005-02-01), Hosokawa et al.
patent: 2006/0027834 (2006-02-01), Forrest et al.
patent: WO 02/101838 (2002-12-01), None
Maennig et al., Organic p-i-n solar cells, Mar. 5, 2004, Appl. Phys. A 79, pp. 1-14.
<http://www.oksolar.com/solar—panels/unisolar—flexibles.htm>, “Uni-solar Flexible (USF) Unbreakable Solar Panels—Triple Junction”, printed Sep. 14, 2004.
“Uni-Power Solar Electric Modules Specification Sheet, Models US-64, US-42, US-32”, printed from the OKSolar.com website on Sep. 14, 2004 <http://www.oksolar.com/pdf/solar—energy—catalog/unisolar—us-64.pdf>.
“Amorphous Silicon (a-Si) Solar Technology”, printed from United Solar Ovonic Corp. website on Sep. 14, 2004, <http://www.uni-solar.com/Our—Technology—a—Si.html>.
S. Guha, et al., “Amorphous Silicon Alloy Photovoltaic Research Present and Future”, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 8, pp. 141-150 (2000).
Peumans et al., “Small Molecular Weight Organic Thin-Film Photodetectors and Solar Cells,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 93, No. 7, pp. 3693-3723 (Apr. 1, 2003).
C. W. Tang, “Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell”, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 183-185 (Jan. 1986).
A. Yakimov, et al., “ High photovoltage multiple-heterojunction organic solar cells incorporating interfacial metallic nanoclusters”, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 80, No. 9, pp. 1667-1669 (Mar. 4, 2002).
P. Peumans et al., “Very-high-efficiency double-heterostructure copper phthalocyanine/C60 photovoltaic cells”, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 79, No. 1, pp. 126-128 (Jul. 2, 2001).
S. E. Shaheen et al., “2.5% efficient organic plastic solar cells”, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 78, No. 6, pp. 841-843 (Feb. 5, 2001).
P. Peumans et al., “Efficient bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells using small-molecular-weight organic thin films”, Nature, vol. 425, pp. 158-162 (Sep. 11, 2003).
D. Gebeyehu et al., “Bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic devices based on donor-acceptor organic small molecule blends”,Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells,79, pp. 81-92 (2003).
Xue et al., “4.2% efficient organic photovoltaic cells with low series resistances”,Appl. Phys. Lett.,vol. 84, No. 16, pp. 3013-3015 (Apr. 19, 2004).
M. Hiramoto, et al., “Three-layered organic solar cell with a photoactive interlayer of codeposited pigments”,Appl. Phys. Lett.58 (10), pp. 1062-1064 (Mar. 11, 1991).
Forrest, “Ultrathin Organic Films Grown by Organic Molecular Beam Deposition and Related Techniques”,Chem Rev.,vol. 97, No. 6, pp. 1793-1896 (1997).
Sullivan, et al., “Influence of codeposition on the performance of CuPc-C60 heterojunction photovoltaic devices”,Appl. Phys. Lett.,vol. 84, No. 7, pp. 1210-1212 (Feb. 16, 2004).
Burrows et al., “Relatioship between electroluminescence and current transport in organic heterojunction light-emitting devices”,J. Appl. Phys.79(10), pp. 7991-8006 (May 15, 1996).
Xue et al., “Carrier transport in multilayer organic photodetectors: II. Effects of anode preparation”,J. Appl. Phys.,vol. 95, No. 4, pp. 1869-1877 (Feb. 15, 2004).
Paasch et al., “Variable range hopping as possible origin of a universal relation between conductivity and mobility in disordered organic semiconductors”,Synthetic Metals,132, pp. 97-104 (2002).
G Ruani et al., “Weak instrinsic charge transfer complexes: A new route for developing wide spectrum organic photovoltaic cells”,J. Chem Phys.,vol. 116, No. 4, pp. 1713-1719 (Jan. 22, 2002).
M. Hiramoto, et al., “p-i-n like behavior in three-layered organic solar cells having a co-deposited interlayer of pigments”, J. Appl. Phys., 72 (8), pp. 3781-3787, Oct. 15, 1992.
G. Yu, et al., “Polymer Photovoltaic Cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions”,Science,vol. 270, pp. 1798-1791 (Dec. 15, 1995).
F. Padinger, et al., “Effects of postproduction treatment on plastic solar cells”, Adv. Funct. Mater., 13, No. 1, pp. 85-88 (Jan. 2003).
T. Tsuzuki, et al., “The effect of fullerene doping on photoelectric conversion using titanyl phthalocyanine and a perylene pigment”, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells, 61, pp. 1-8, (2000).
J. Rostalski, et al., “Monochromatic versus solar efficiencies of organic solar cells”, Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells, 61, pp. 87-95 (2000).
Ch. Pannemann, et al., “Electrical characterisation of phthalocyanine-fullerene photovoltaic devices” Synth. Met., 121, pp. 1585-1586 (2001).
Ot. E. Sielcken, et al., “Synthesis and Aggregation Behavior of Hosts Containing Phthalocyanine and Crown Either Subunits”, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, pp. 4261-4265 (1987).
V. Bulovic et al., “Study of localized and extended excitons in 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) II. Photocurrent response at low electric fields”, Chem. Phys. 210, pp. 13-25, 1996.
B. A. Gregg et al., “Long-Range singlet energy transfer in perylene Bis(phenethylimide) films”, J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, pp. 5362-5369, 1997.
T. Stübinger, et al., “Exciton diffusion and optical interference in organic donor-acceptor photovoltaic cells”, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 90, No. 7, pp. 3632-3641, Oct. 1, 2001.
H. R. Kerp and E. E. van Faassen, “Photovoltaic yield from exciton dissociation in organic dye layers”, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1999, 1, pp. 1761-1763.
L. A. A. Pettersson et al., “Modeling photocurrent action spectra of photovoltaic devices based on organic thin films”, J. Appl. Phys., vol. 86, No. 1, pp. 487-496, Jul. 1, 1999.
A. L. Burin et al., “Exciton migration and cathode quenching in organic light emitting diodes”, J. Phys. Chem. A, 104, pp. 4704-4710, 2000.
V. E. Choong et al., “Photoluminescence quenching of Alq3 by metal deposition: A surface analytical investigation”, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 16 (3), pp. 1838-1841, May/Jun. 1998.
J. J. M. Halls et al., “Exciton diffusion and dissociation in a poly(p-phenylenevinylene)/C60 heterojunction photovoltaic cell”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68(22), pp. 3120-3122, May 27, 1996.
M. Theander et al., “Photoluminescence quenching at a polythiophene/C60 heterojunction”, Phys. Rev. B, vol. 61, No. 19, pp. 1
Forrest Stephen
Rand Barry P.
Uchida Soichi
Xue Jiangeng
Ho Hoang-Quan
Huynh Andy
Kenyon & Kenyon LLP
The Trustees of Princeton University
LandOfFree
Stacked organic photosensitive devices does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Stacked organic photosensitive devices, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Stacked organic photosensitive devices will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3937756