Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-10
2001-04-10
Wu, David W. (Department: 1713)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
C524S081000, C524S700000, C524S804000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06214929
ABSTRACT:
The invention relates to polymer dispersions or polymer solutions comprising at least one polymeric phase which comprise one or more stabilizers suitable for protecting organic material against the damaging effect of light, heat and/or oxidation.
The invention also relates to the preparation of such polymer dispersions or polymer solutions, and also prepared polymers which are obtainable by removing the dispersion medium or solvent from the polymer dispersions or polymer solutions of the invention. The invention embraces, furthermore, the use of polymer dispersions or polymer solutions or prepared polymers of the invention for protecting organic material, pharmaceutical or cosmetic products, polymer dispersions, paints or varnishes, and plastics against the damaging effect of light, heat and/or oxidation. In addition, the invention relates to the use of polymer dispersions or prepared polymers of the invention as light stabilizers in cosmetic preparations, in or as adhesives, in or as laminants, in or as adhesion promoters or in or as coating compositions which protect substrates against the damaging effect of light, heat and/or oxidation. The invention relates, moreover, to polymer films obtainable by filming polymer dispersions or prepared polymers of the invention and to articles which have been coated using polymer dispersions, polymer solutions, prepared polymers or polymer films of the invention.
A very wide variety of stabilizers are employed to stabilize organic material, such as plastics or coatings, for example, against the damaging effect of light, heat and/or oxidation. Since these substances are usually added in small amounts and/or have a consistency which makes them poorly suited to metering, they are normally added as a mixture with a carrier. Mixing the stabilizers with such a carrier has two main consequences; the establishment of an appropriate mixing ratio between carrier and stabilizers generally produces a satisfactory consistency, and the amount of (carrier-mixed) stabilizers to be used for subsequent metering is increased, which facilitates meterability. In the majority of cases, the concentration of stabilizers in such mixtures is set higher than is necessary for the subsequent use.
In the processing of plastics, the carrier normally consists of the same plastic that is to be stabilized by adding an appropriately formulated stabilizer/carrier mixture. Such a mixture of stabilizers and the relevant plastic is termed a masterbatch.
The document EP-A 0 805 178 describes pulverulent stabilizers which are obtained by supporting &agr; tocopherol, alone or in a mixture with further additives, on polyolefins. This is done either by mixing the &agr; tocopherol (and further additives, if used) with commercially available, porous polyolefin powder or by coextruding the &agr; tocopherol (and further additives, if used) with the polyolefin at temperatures of 260° C., for example, cooling the coextrudate and comminuting it by cryogenic milling to give a powder.
The document EP-A 0 573 113 describes solid blends of stabilizers which comprise an organic polymer and at least one silicon compound having a sterically hindered amino group. These blends are prepared either by melting the components at temperatures from 170 to 280° C. or by coextrusion followed by pelletization. A third preparation option is to dissolve the components in solvents such as toluene, heptane or chloroform, for example, and then to remove the solvents under reduced pressure (0.1 torr) and at temperatures of 100-120° C. This option, however, will generally be avoided owing to the toxicological and environmental precautions and fire protection measures that have to be taken.
Disadvantages of the supported or carrier-mixed stabilizers known from the prior art are their preparation, which is often mechanically complex, and the usually accompanying thermal stress, which means that only certain stabilizers (and carriers/supports) can be used. In addition, the supported or carrier-mixed stabilizers described have been designed entirely for incorporation into plastics. Stabilizing polymer dispersions with such stabilizer systems, even when the latter are pulverulent, is not generally possible.
It is an object of the present invention to provide stabilizer systems, which can be employed both in polymer dispersions and—directly or following simple technical preparation steps—in plastics compositions. The stabilizer systems should also be able to be prepared simply and in a way which is not detrimental to the components.
We have found that this object is achieved by polymer dispersions or polymer solutions comprising at least one polymeric phase which comprise one or more stabilizers suitable for protecting organic material against the damaging effect of light, heat and/or oxidation.
To achieve the object we have also found prepared polymers which comprise one or more stabilizers suitable for protecting organic material against the damaging effect of light, heat and/or oxidation and which are obtainable by removing the dispersion medium from polymer dispersions or polymer solutions of the invention.
The dispersion medium can be removed using any technical steps which are common knowledge. Examples of suitable such steps include filtration, by which is meant, generally, the separation of the dispersed phase from the dispersion medium by means of a layer which is impermeable for the former but permeable to the latter. Such a layer may therefore consist, for example, of an appropriate textile filter or paper filter, or else of an appropriate metallic, glass or ceramic frit. A further option for removing the dispersion medium is centrifugation.
Alternatively, the dispersion medium or solvent can be removed by making use, for example, of freeze drying. Another possibility is to evaporate the dispersion medium or solvent. This can be realized advantageously by spray drying. In view of safety considerations, spray drying is particularly suitable if, in a preferred embodiment, the dispersion medium or solvent present in the polymer dispersions or polymer solutions of the invention is essentially water.
The polymer dispersions or polymer solutions of the invention and the prepared polymers of the invention that are obtainable from them preferably comprise one or more stabilizers selected from the following groups:
a) alkylated monophenols,
b) alkylthiomethylphenols,
c) hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones,
d) tocopherols,
e) hydroxylated diphenyl thioethers,
f) alkylidenebisphenols,
g) O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds,
h) aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds,
i) triazine compounds,
j) benzylphosphonates,
k) acylaminophenols,
l) esters of &bgr;-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, &bgr;-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid, &bgr;-(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,
m) amides of &bgr;-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid,
n) ascorbic acid and its derivatives,
o) antioxidants based on amine compounds,
p) phosphites and phosphonites,
q) 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles,
r) sulfur-containing peroxide scavengers and sulfur-containing antioxidants
s) 2-hydroxybenzophenones,
t) esters of unsubstituted and substituted benzoic acid,
u) acrylates,
v) sterically hindered amines,
w) oxamides and
x) 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines.
Group a) of the alkylated monophenols includes, for example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(&agr;-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, nonylphenols which possess a linear or branched side chain, such as 2,6-dinonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methylundec-1′-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methylheptadec-1′-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1′-methyltridec-1′-yl)phenol and mixture
Appel Manfred
Haremza Sylke
Krockenberger Jurgen
Pakusch Joachim
Sack Heinrich
BASF Aktiengesellscaft
Egwin K
Oblon & Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt P.C.
Wu David W.
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