Stabilized mussel extract

Details Stabilized mussel extract Stabilized mussel extract

1986-01-23

1989-01-31

Rollins, John W.

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Whole live micro-organism, cell, or virus containing

Genetically modified micro-organism, cell, or virus

424153, 426648, 426654, A61K 3512, A61K 3314

Patent

active

048014532

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to preparations and/or extracts of the New Zealand green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) and to the use thereof in food supplements and pharmaceutical preparations.
A mussel extract of this type is available on the market as a commercial product under the brand name "Seatone" and, since 1973, has been sold in pharmacies and health food stores in a number of countries, such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Holland and Denmark. The substance is sold as a food supplement in the above countries.
A typical composition of the mussel extract "Seatone" named above is as follows:


Minerals (averaged percentages)

In terms of amino acids a typical composition of the product is as follows:


______________________________________ Amino acids % ______________________________________ Cysteic acid 3,1 Aspartic acid 4,9 Threonine 2,3 Serine 2,0 Glutamic acid 6,4 Proline 2,2 Glycine 4,2 Alanine 2,4 Valine 1,9 1/2 Cystine 0,6 Methionine 1,1 Iso-Leucine 1,8 Tyrosine 1,5 Phenylalanine 1,8 NH.sub.4 0,6 Lysine 3,2 Histidine 0,8 Arginine 3,5 ______________________________________
"Seatone" and other similar extracts obtained from the mollusc Perna canaliculus have extremely low toxicity, and there has been no indication of any hazardous side effects and no contra-indication, apart from cases of persons being allergic to shellfish.
Extracts of Perna canaliculus have been reported to be of value in preventing, alleviating or treating gastro-intestinal irritation conditions, lesions, and/or ulcer formation, and more recently, there has been an increasing amount of interest in the use of these mussel extracts for the relief of arthritic symptoms. Evidence for an anti-inflammatory property of the New Zealand green lipped mussel is believed to have originated in the USA during the screening of marine molluscs for possible anti-tumour activities. A considerable amount of subjective clinical evidence has accumulated suggesting that the preparation may be of benefit in the treatment of arthritic disorders in men and animals. For example, in a preliminary therapeutic trial carried out in 86 patients, 55 with rheumatoid arthritis and 31 with osteoarthritis, the patients were treated for periods ranging from six months to 4.5 years: 67% of those with rheumatoid arthritis and 35% of those with osteoarthritis benefited. Toxic effects were uncommon and generally mild. Further investigations into the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of these mussel extracts have been reported by T. E. Miller and D. Ormrod [The New Zealand Medical Journal, September 1980, No. 667, p. 187] and by R. G. Gibson, S. L. M. Gibson, V. Conway and D. Chappell [Practitioner, September 1980, Vol. 224, p. 955]. In the report of Miller et al, the anti-inflammatory effect of an extract when administered intra-peritoneally is confirmed, however no anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated after oral administration. Gibson et al have, however, shown in a double-blind clinical trial that the mussel extract sold as "Seatone", taken orally can be of benefit in rheumatoid arthritis and, to a lesser extent, osteoarthritis in man.
Arthritis in one or other of its several forms continues to be a major cause of disability around the world. Although many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are now available, none is wholly effective, and side effects remain a problem. The search for a safer and more effective anti-inflammatory agent therefore continues. As mentioned above, extracts of Perna canaliculus have extremely low toxicity and no hazardous side effects, and so the anti-inflammatory activity of such extracts could be of enormous benefit.
One major problem in investigating these extracts, however has been the fact that there has not been an effective pharmacological or bio-assay to express the activity of the mussel extracts. Yet another major problem has arisen from the loss of activity of these extracts on storage, such loss of

REFERENCES:
patent: 4341774 (1982-07-01), Aoki et al.
patent: 4391862 (1983-07-01), Suda et al.
patent: 4455298 (1984-06-01), McFarlane et al.
patent: 4550020 (1985-10-01), Rothman
patent: 4652581 (1987-03-01), Fukawa et al.
patent: 4675191 (1987-06-01), Villettaz

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