Cleaning and liquid contact with solids – Processes – Using solid work treating agents
Reexamination Certificate
1999-06-11
2001-11-20
Till, Terrence R. (Department: 1744)
Cleaning and liquid contact with solids
Processes
Using solid work treating agents
C015S245000, C015S121000, C015S110000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06319332
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to cleaning devices and cleaning systems. More specifically the invention relates to cleaning devices and cleaning systems that clean surfaces through contact.
1. Background
Cleaning a surface typically involves convection or contact of the surface with a cleaning medium, a mechanic device or a combination of the two. A cleaning medium may be a gas or a liquid that is sprayed or distributed over the surface to remove dirt and debris. There are also several known examples of chemical cleaning systems. For example, strong acids may be used to chemically break down residues on a surface, such as glass. Mechanical cleaning devices, like cleaning media, also involve contact with a surface. Typically, a mechanical cleaning device, such as a brush or a broom, is moved across a surface with a convection cleaning motion to remove, loosen or sweep dirt and debris off the surface.
Many common cleaning systems used for household, automobile and industrial applications either use air or water as a cleaning medium along with brushes or absorbent materials. For example, a vacuum system uses vacuum convention to suck dirt or debris from a surface while a brush, typically attached to an end of a vacuum hose, helps remove or loosen dirt from the surface and thus improving the efficiency and cleaning ability of the vacuum system. Floor cleaning systems commonly include a mechanical mopping device and a bucket of soapy water. Like a vacuum brush, the mechanical mopping device is used to loosen the dirt from the surface and the soapy water, like vacuum convection, provides a medium to remove dirt away or off from the surface.
There are many different cleaning systems, cleaning media and mechanical cleaning devices available for different cleaning applications. Each system, medium or device has specific cleaning characteristics tailored for their specific application. Ultimately, the characteristics of a cleaning system, cleaning medium or cleaning device are tailored to thoroughly clean a surface cheaply and efficiently without causing damage to the surface.
2. Prior Art
One of the most common mechanical cleaning devices is a brush cleaning device. A brush cleaning device, herein, refers to a device with a group or several groupings of bristles. A simple brush cleaning device has one set of bristles that is connected to a handle, such as a floor broom, is used to whisk dirt off a floor surface. Besides household cleaning devices, brushes also are used as applicators for applying liquids or powders to surfaces. Brush devices are also used for grooming hair and for cleaning dentition. Steel or metal brushes are often used for cleaning applications where very abrasive cleaning is required to remove a strongly adhered residue, as for example, when cleaning a barbecue grill.
A second common type of mechanical cleaning device is a sponge device. A sponge device is made of an absorbent material, such as naturally occurring sponge plants, or a porous synthetic material. In the broadest sense, a sponge cleaning device, herein, is also refers to wash clothes and other woven absorbent materials. Sponge devices are particularly well suited to be used in combination with soapy water to clean surfaces where low abrasion is required.
A third common cleaning device is a scouring pad cleaning device. A scouring pad cleaning device is particularly useful for cleaning surface that require a high degree of abrasion to remove a residue. Scouring pad cleaning devices, like sponge cleaning devices, are usually hand held devices but with rough or gritty surfaces. Several known cleaning devices combine the cleaning properties of a scouring pad and a sponge cleaning device. Scouring pad, herein, also refers to sanding paper, steel wool and other fibrous materials with abrasive surface properties. Caution is usual required when using scouring cleaning devices, because they are capable of damaging many common surfaces. Therefore, scouring pad cleaning devices are typically only used to clean very hard robust surfaces or where the intended result is to remove a surface layer in a polishing operation.
Yet another type of cleaning device is a squeegee cleaning device. A squeegee cleaning device is typically made of a soft malleable material that is held in a linear fashion and used for displacing water or cleaning solutions from hard smooth flat surface, such as glass. Squeegees have cleaning characteristics, which help prevent undesirable streaks during cleaning of reflective surfaces, such as glass. Thus, squeegee cleaning devices are particularly useful for cleaning windows and automobile windshields.
While there are clearly many options when choosing a cleaning system, medium or device for a particular cleaning task, many of the devices and systems described above fall short of an ideal cleaning device or system, even when they are used for their intended application. In particular none of the prior art cleaning devices are optimized for cleaning a surface where the surface is soiled with a soft residue which is strongly adhered to the surface.
A dish brush, when used in combination with soapy water, generally does not clean dishes, pots or pan efficiently if a food residue is strongly adhered to the surface of the dish, pot or pan. This situation arises, for example, when spaghetti sauce has either baked on or has dried on to the inside of a cooking pot. The spaghetti sauce residue, while not particularly hard, exhibits excellent adhesion to the walls of the pot. A dish brush, when used in combination with soapy water, relies on soap suds and the brush convection of the soapy water to provide a significant amount of the cleaning action. The brush itself does not provide for the high degree of surface contact required to remove the residue. In cases where soap suds and convection have little or no effect on a residue because of its excellent adhesion properties or low solubility in the soapy water, a brush device generally does not efficiently clean the surface, even if the residue is soft.
Despite the shortcomings of a dish brush cleaning device, it is often preferred over a sponge cleaning device, for several reasons. Firstly, while a sponge cleaning device will provide for more efficient surface contact than the brush, a sponge does not always provide sufficient abrasion or surface contact pressure required to remove a residues. Secondly, a sponge cleaning device is typically hand-held and usually requires the operator's hands to become immersed in the soapy water, which can be an unpleasant experience in the case of cleaning spaghetti sauce residue from the surface of a pot. Lastly, a sponge cleaning device can become irreparably soiled and stained by residues, such as spaghetti sauce, making the sponge cleaning device a highly unattractive addition to the kitchen sink area.
A souring pad device will generally provide sufficient abrasion and surface contact to remove residues from a surface but suffers from all other shortcomings of a sponge cleaning device. Further, a scouring pad cleaning device may destroy or ruin the surface being cleaned, especially if the surface is a cooking pot with a non-stick surface coating.
A second example where known cleaning devices fail to provide efficient cleaning is in cleaning porcelain surfaces. Porcelain is used to fabricate sinks, tubs and deification receptacles, such as toilet bowls, urinals and the like. Stains and fecal material are not readily removed from porcelain surfaces with brush cleaning devices for the same reasons that a brush device does not efficiently remove spaghetti sauce from a pot. A sponge cleaning device also fails to be an ideal cleaning tool for cleaning porcelain surfaces for reasons already mentioned. A more severe limitation of brush and sponge cleaning devices for cleaning porcelain deification receptacles, is that after a single use the cleaning devices can become unsanitary, unsightly and smelly due to residual residue material that gets stuck and is retained between the bristle of the bru
Gavney, Jr. James Albert
Keaton Gregory Lee
Haverstock & Owens LLP
Till Terrence R.
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