Spring-loaded polymeric gel actuators

Details Spring-loaded polymeric gel actuators Spring-loaded polymeric gel actuators

1993-09-21

1995-02-14

Niebling, John

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy

Apparatus

Coating, forming or etching by sputtering

204300R, 2041801, C25B 900

Patent

active

053892224

ABSTRACT:
Spring-loaded electrically controllable polymeric gel actuators are disclosed. The polymeric gels can be polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, or polyacrylamide, and are contained in an electrolytic solvent bath such as water plus acetone. The action of the gel is mechanically biased, allowing the expansive and contractile forces to be optimized for specific applications.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4753761 (1988-06-01), Suzuki
patent: 5250167 (1993-10-01), Adolf et al.
Kuhn, W. et al., "Reversible Dilation and Contraction by Changing the State of Ionization of High-polymer Acid Networks," Nature, vol. 165, pp. 514-516, Apr. 1, 1950.
Tanaka, T. et al., "Collapse of Gels in an Electric Field," Science, vol. 218, pp. 467-469, Oct., 1982.
Shiga, T. et al. "Deformation of Polyelectrolyte Gels under the Influence of Electric Field," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 39, pp. 2105-2320, 1990.
Katayama, S. et al., "Phase Transition of a Cationic Gel," Macromolecules, vol. 18, pp. 2781-2782, 1985.
Osada, Y. et al., "Electro-Activated Mechanochemical Devices Using Polymer Gels and Their Application to Artificial Muscle System," Abstract, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, vol. 67, pp. 3232, 1989.

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