Fire extinguishers – Sprinkler heads
Patent
1994-11-23
1996-11-12
Pike, Andrew C.
Fire extinguishers
Sprinkler heads
169 38, 239570, A62C 3714
Patent
active
055730655
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a spray head for a fire fighting installation and, in particular, a fire fighting installation that is capable of operating with a high drive pressure for the extinguishing liquid. A high pressure in this context means a pressure within the range of from about 30 bar to about 300 bar, whereas conventional low pressure installations have an operating pressure of about 5-10 bar. The source for the extinguishing liquid preferably is at least one hydraulic accumulator on an out-going line to a number of automatically releasable spray heads.
It is in many cases desirable, when one spray head has been released directly by a fire, to release a whole group of usually nearby spray heads.
The invention relates to a spray head for this purpose. The spray head comprises a spindle element pressed into an inlet to the spray head with such a spring force that the spindle element keeps the inlet closed against a stand-by or rest pressure of the installation but yields to the pressure of the high pressure liquid source.
The invention shall in the following be described with reference to exemplifying preferred embodiments shown in the attached drawing.
FIG. 1 is an elevational view, partly in cross section, of a valve for a high-drive-pressure fire fighting installation in a stand-by state.
FIG. 2 is an elevational view, partly in cross section, of the valve in an activated state.
FIG. 3 is a coupling diagram of a fire fighting installation in a stand-by state.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional elevational view of a first preferred embodiment of a spray head in the installation of FIG. 3 in a stand-by state.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional elevational view of the spray head of FIG. 4 in an individually released sate.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional elevational view of another spray head of the installation of FIG. 3 in a group-released state.
FIGS. 7-9 are cross-sectional elevational views of a second preferred embodiment of spray heads for the installation of FIG. 3 respectively in the same conditions as the spray heads of FIG. 4-6.
A hydraulic accumulator with a high charge pressure (e.g., 200 bar) is indicated by the reference numeral 1. The accumulator 1, which in the following is also called the primary accumulator, comprises an outlet tube 2, which preferably has a number of apertures in its wall in order to deliver liquid and a mixture of the liquid and a drive gas-of the accumulator as described in Finnish patent application 924752. An outlet valve connected to the tube 2 is generally indicated by 3, the inlet of the valve by 4 and its outlet by 5. The outlet 5 is connected via an out-going line 25 with a number of automatically releasable spray heads 26-29 as shown in FIG. 3.
In the stand-by position of the valve 3 shown in FIG. 1, the connection between the inlet 4 and the outlet 5 of the valve is closed by a valve spindle 6. The valve spindle 6 has an axial through channel 7 which connects the outlet 5 to a liquid space 8 which, in turn, is connected to a small (e.g., about 0.3 liter) hydraulic accumulator 9 with a low charge pressure (e.g., 6-10 bar), which in the following is also called the secondary accumulator.
The valve spindle 6 has a head 10 which is movable like a piston in the liquid space 8 between the position of FIG. 1, in which the head 10 presses against the valve housing surrounding the spindle 6 and the connection from the inlet 4 to the outlet 5 is closed, and the position of FIG. 2, in which the head 10 presses against a shoulder 11 and the connection from the inlet 4 to the outlet 5 is open.
In the stand-by state of FIG. 1, the spindle 6 is kept in place by the pressure in the liquid space 8, which acts on the spindle head 10, and by a spring 12 pressing on the spindle head 10. The pressure in the inlet 5 on the spindle end therein and the pressure of the primary accumulator on a ring shoulder 13 of the spindle 6 act in the opposite direction.
When a spray head connected to the outlet 5 is released, the secondary accumulator 9 starts delivering liquid to that spray head. As
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