Coating processes – Solid particles or fibers applied – Localized different areas produced
Patent
1992-11-12
1995-10-24
Simmons, David A.
Coating processes
Solid particles or fibers applied
Localized different areas produced
427422, 239 1, 239 11, 239293, 239300, 239301, 118300, 118323, 118706, B05D 500, B05D 112, B05B 1704
Patent
active
054608511
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to the spray deposition of metals.
The spray deposition of metals is being used increasingly for making a wide range of semi-finished metal products because of the technical benefits that accrue. These benefits include near-to-zero segregation, a very fine structure caused by rapid solidification, high mechanical properties and a short route to the product. The generic name for the whole group of such processes is spray forming. This invention is more particularly concerned with movement of the spray by deflecting an atomized stream of molten metal particles and directing them on to a stationary or moving substrate.
According to this invention apparatus there is provided apparatus for spray distribution of metals comprising means for emitting a stream of atomized molten metal particles, characterized in that the means for emitting a stream of atomized molten metal particles is arranged to emit said stream in a predetermined direction, and in that there are provided gas jet nozzle means mounted for rotation about said stream for laterally deflecting said stream, which nozzle means is inclined to the direction of flow of the stream and is directed towards the stream, and means for supplying deflecting gas under pressure to said nozzle means.
Preferably said nozzle means is mounted for rotation about the axis of said stream of particles.
The pressure of said atomizing gas is preferably adjustable to vary the extent of deflection of the stream of metal particles.
The apparatus may further comprise a second gas jet nozzle means mounted for rotation about said stream of metal particles, the axes of rotation of the first said nozzle means and said second nozzle means being offset from the axis of the stream of metal particles.
The nozzle means may comprise a plurality of nozzles, the means for supplying deflecting gas under pressure to the nozzle means being operable to vary cyclically the pressure of such gas supplied to one or more of the nozzles.
Said means for supplying deflective gas under pressure to said nozzle means may comprise a plurality of nozzles at least one of which is inclined at a different angle to the other or others of the nozzles. In such an arrangement, the pressure of the gas supplied to one of the nozzles by said means for supplying gas under pressure to the nozzle means may be different from that supplied to another of the nozzles.
The stream may be a compact vertically falling stream of atomized molten metal particles derived from a melt. It will however be understood that other streams of atomized molten metal particles can equally well be used for the application of the invention, such as streams of atomized molten metal particles that are not falling vertically and small diameter streams of atomized molten metal particles from a wire or powder fed arc or thermal spray gun or from a powder fed plasma source.
The atomized stream of molten metal particles may contain smaller particles that are partly liquid and partly solid. It may also contain some other small particles that are already solid because of the very rapid cooling of such small particles in the atomizing gas stream. The operation of the invention is not affected by this variation in the thermal history of the particles.
The deflecting nozzle means may comprise a nozzle or group of nozzles, and will usually have an orifice which is circular for convenience of manufacture but which may be rectangular in cross section or take the form of a slot. The nozzles of a deflecting group of nozzles may be parallel to one another, may be directed towards the stream of atomized metal particles, or may have an intermediate direction and be operated sequentially.
Primary atomization providing a vertically falling stream of atomized molten metal particles may be achieved by any one of many conventional gas atomizing nozzles but the stream of atomized particles should preferably be symmetrical about an axis and be relatively compact to enable it to be effectively deflected by the gas jets.
The substrate or collector tow
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Mayes M. Curtis
Simmons David A.
Sprayforming Developments Limited
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