Compositions – Durable finishes for textile materials – or processes of... – Oil or water repellent or soil resistant or retardant
Patent
1992-07-08
1995-01-17
Lieberman, Paul
Compositions
Durable finishes for textile materials, or processes of...
Oil or water repellent or soil resistant or retardant
252 88, 252 89, 252 495, 428361, 428394, 428395, 524554, 524612, D06M 1500
Patent
active
053823729
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to spinning finishes in the form of aqueous emulsions or aqueous solutions containing water-soluble polymer compounds having weight average molecular weights of more than 10.sup.6, to a process for reducing the spraying of spinning finishes from fiber surfaces and to the use of certain water-soluble polymer compounds having weight average molecular weights of more than 10.sup.6 in aqueous emulsion or aqueous solutions of spinning finishes for reducing the spraying of spinning finishes from fiber surfaces.
STATEMENT OF RELATED ART
In the manufacture of man-made fibers spun from the melt, the first processing step immediately after the capillaries emerge from the spinning jet, i.e. immediately after formation of the filaments, is the treatment of the fiber surface with spinning finishes containing smoothing agents and antistatic agents as their principal active substances (Chemiefasern/Textil-Industrie 1977, 328-335). It is generally known that man-made fibers can neither be produced nor used in textile further processing without such finishes. A smoothing agent has to be applied because the original surface of most polymeric fibers gives rise to considerable friction forces so that chafing of the fibers occurs through the constant contacts, for example with guide elements, during the production and processing cycles and can ultimately result in filament or yarn breakages. In addition, polymeric filament materials generally absorb only a little water so that they tend to develop electrostatic charges.
High-speed machines with filament speeds of up to 6,000 m/minute are now commonly used in the production and further processing of fibers. At these high speeds, a considerable percentage of the textile lubricants applied, such as spinning finishes or winding oils, is often sprayed off. Not only is this spraying of the lubricants a waste, it is also virtually impossible as a result of spraying to keep to the exact quantities to be applied for the individual processes. In addition, spraying also results in a reduction in safety, for example slippery floors in the immediate vicinity of the machines and also breathing difficulties and skin irritation produced by sprayed droplets which are dispersed in the form of fine mists. To reduce the spraying of textile lubricants during the production and further processing of fibers, it has already been repeatedly proposed to add polymer compounds to the textile lubricants. For example, it is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,400,281 that textile lubricants based on hydrocarbons, such as mineral oils, and/or fatty acid esters and/or fats and/or oils containing high molecular weight polymers of C.sub.4-20 .alpha.-monoolefins show improved adhesion to the fiber surface. In addition, it is known from European patents EP 261 415 and EP 127 293 that the use of high molecular weight polyisobutenes and the use of copolymers containing butenes in combination with C.sub.5-20 .alpha.-olefins as monomer constituents reduce the spray of winding oils during the processing of yarns. The winding oils described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,098,702 contain polymers to improve the viscosity index, for example polyisobutenes having molecular weights in the range from 20,000 to 2,000,000, polyalkyl styrenes having molecular weights in the range from 20,000 to 2,000,000 or polymethacrylates having molecular weights in the range from 300,000 to 800,000, and hence to improve the adhesion of the winding oils to the fiber surface.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Object of the Invention
In many cases, however, the reduction in the spraying of textile lubricants, particularly spinning finishes, from fiber surfaces achieved with known polymer compounds is still unsatisfactory. Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to develop spinning finishes which, compared with known spinning finishes, would show distinctly improved adhesion to the fiber surfaces and which would only be sprayed off in very small quantities, if at all, at the high filament
REFERENCES:
patent: 3977979 (1976-08-01), Crossfield et al.
patent: 4078133 (1978-03-01), Ozima
patent: 4098702 (1978-07-01), Crossfield et al.
patent: 4169061 (1979-09-01), Carver et al.
patent: 4294883 (1981-10-01), Hawkins
patent: 4310434 (1982-01-01), Choy et al.
patent: 4400281 (1983-08-01), Dehm
patent: 4915855 (1990-04-01), Gillberg-LaForce et al.
Chemical Abstracts of Japan, JP 2 68,370, 1990 Mar.
Chemiefasern/Textil-Industrie, 1977, pp. 328-335 no month available.
Eicken Ulrich
Fiedler Heidi
Gorzinski Manfred
Mathis Raymond
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Lieberman Paul
Szoke Ernest G.
Tierney Michael
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