Compositions – Textile processing aid compositions – or processes of preparing – Sizing agents
Reexamination Certificate
2001-10-04
2004-02-24
Green, Anthony J. (Department: 1755)
Compositions
Textile processing aid compositions, or processes of preparing
Sizing agents
C252S008810, C252S008840, C008S115600
Reexamination Certificate
active
06695971
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a spin finish for synthetic fibers. More particularly, it relates to a spin finish suited for thermoplastic synthetic fibers submitted to false twisting.
BACKGROUND ART
An oil containing a small amount of a polyalkylene oxide-modified polysiloxane (Japanese Kokoku Publication Sho-63-57548), an oil containing a perfluoro group-containing compound showing specific thermal decomposition behavior (Japanese Kokoku Publication Sho-62-44072) and an oil containing a copolymer derived from a fluorinated alkyl-containing monomer and a polyoxyalkylene group-containing monomer (Japanese Kokai Publication Hei-11-61645), among others, have been hithertofore proposed as the spin finish for fibers submitted to false twisting.
However, with the oil containing a small amount of a modified polysiloxane, a problem has been pointed out; namely, in high-speed false twisting treatment using a radiation type high temperature heater, which has recently been put to practical use, the heater temperature reaches 400° C. or above, so that silica (ash) formed upon thermal decomposition sticks fast to the guide within the heater, increasing the incidence of fluff and yarn breaking.
Of the fluorine compound-containing oils, the former requires a relatively large amount of the perfluoro group-containing compound and this markedly increases the cost of the oil and, in addition, the perfluoroalkyl-containing compound may possibly contaminate the yarn guide and a gas generated upon decomposition thereof may possibly wear the machine, hence the former is not practical, while the latter has a problem from the viewpoint of stable operation in long-period false twisting, since the perfluoro group-containing compound is thermally unstable.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a spin finish generating neither tar nor scum in false twisting treatment either of the hot plate contact heating type or of the non-contact heating type using a radiation type high temperature heater and thus enabling long term stable false twisting treatment.
As a result of intensive investigations made by them to accomplish the above object, the present inventors found that when, in false twisting of the hot plate contact heating type or in high speed false twisting using a radiation type high temperature heater, the surface tension of the spin finish in a high temperature condition, more specifically the surface tension after allowing to stand at 220° C. for 1 hour, is adjusted 10 to 22 mN/m, the spreading of the oil over the hot plate and the formation of tar can be suppressed, whereby prolonged stable operations become possible in the step of false twisting. They further succeeded in preventing the induced occurrence of fluff and yarn breaking by reducing the amount of tar, which is unavoidably formed although the amount is small, before its becoming ashed by heat, more specifically the percent residue upon heating of the spin finish after allowing to stand at 400° C. for 24 hours, to 0.25% by weight or below.
In addition, it was found that by controlling the kinematic viscosity behavior of the spin finish after a certain period of heating within a certain range, it is possible to prevent yarn breaking for a more prolonged period of time.
Thus, the present invention is directed to a spin finish for synthetic fibers which satisfies the relations (1) and (2):
10≦T≦22 (1)
0≦Re≦0.25 (2)
where T is the surface tension (mN/m) of the oil after allowing the same to stand at 220° C. for 1 hour and Re is the percent residue (% by weight) on heating of the oil after allowing the same to stand at 400° C. for 24 hours.
In the following, the invention is described in detail.
When the spin finish satisfies the relations (1) and (2), the amount of tar formed on the hot plate is slight in false twisting by hot plate contact heating and, in false twisting by non-contact heating using a radiation type high temperature heater, the deposit of scum inside the heater is slight and, thus, in either case, stable operations become very easy to carry out even in a long-term false twisting process.
More preferably, T and Re satisfy the following relations (3) and (4), respectively and, still more preferably, they satisfy the relations (5) and (6), respectively.
10≦T≦20 (3)
0≦Re≦0.20 (4)
10≦T≦15 (5)
0≦Re≦0.15 (6)
The methods of measuring T and Re are now described.
<Method of measuring the surface tension (T) after standing at 220° C. for 1 hour>
Twenty-five grams of the oil to be tested is weighed in a stainless steel dish, 60 mm in inside diameter and 15 mm in depth, and the whole is allowed to stand on a hot plate maintained at 220±1° C. for 1 hour. After standing, the surface tension is measured at 220° C. using an automatic surface tension meter (e.g. Kyowa Kaimen Kagaku model CBVP-A3).
<Method of measuring the percent residue (Re) on heating after standing at 400° C. for 24 hours>
About one gram (W2) of the oil to be tested is accurately weighed in a platinum dish with a known weight (W1). The whole is heated in a tubular electric furnace (e.g. Isuzu Seisakusho model AT-E58) at 400° C. for 24 hours and then the platinum dish plus residue on heating is accurately weighed (W3) and the percent residue on heating is calculated according to the equation (11):
Percent residue on heating (%)=[(
W
3
−W
1)/(
W
2
−W
1)]×100 (11)
Further, the spin finish of the invention preferably satisfies the following relation (7):
0.5
≦V
2
/V
1≦60 (7)
where V2 is the kinematic viscosity (mm
2
/s) of the oil at 25° C. after allowing the same to stand at 220° C. for 12 hours and V1 is the kinematic viscosity (mm
2
/s) of the oil at 25° C. before standing.
When V1 and V2 satisfy the relation (7), the viscosity increasing behavior of the heated spin finish is controlled in a certain range and, therefore, the dropping of the oil onto the heater is slight and the formation of tar and/or ash is still more reduced, hence yarn damaging decreases and yarn breaking and fluff become more scarce, so that yarns of good quality can be obtained stably for a still prolonged period of time.
More preferably, V1 and V2 satisfy the relation (8):
0.8
≦V
2
/V
1≦50 (8)
The method of measuring V1 and V2 are now described.
<Method of measuring the kinematic viscosity (V1) of the oil at 25° C. before standing at 220° C.>
Fifty grams of the oil to be tested is conditioned at 25° C. for 1 hour and then the kinematic viscosity is measured using an Ubbellohde viscometer.
<Method of measuring the kinematic viscosity (V2) of the oil at 25° C. after 12 hours of standing at 220° C.>
Fifty grams of the oil to be tested is placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and the whole is allowed to stand in a circulating air type drier controlled at 220±1° C. for 12 hours. After standing, this is conditioned at 25° C. for 1 hour and then the kinematic viscosity is measured in the same manner as V1 measurement.
The components constituting the spin finish of the invention are not particularly restricted in oil but, in specific examples suited for the purpose of the invention, the oil comprises one or more polyether type lubricants (A) and another component or other components (B).
First, the component (A) is illustrated.
Usable as (A) are compounds obtained by (co) polymerizing an alkylene oxide(s) containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms with a compound having one or more hydroxyl groups within the molecule, and modifications derived therefrom by modifying the terminal hydroxyl group thereof.
Usable as the compound having one or more hydroxyl groups within the molecule are natural or synthetic aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, alicyclic alcohols and phenols containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
As the aliphatic alcohols, there can be mentioned saturated straight chain monohydric alcohols, saturated branched monohydric alcohols, unsaturated stra
Hironaga Hideo
Murakami Satoru
Green Anthony J.
Sanyo Chemical Industries Ltd.
Sughrue & Mion, PLLC
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