Spin dyeing process with dyeing salts

Details Spin dyeing process with dyeing salts Spin dyeing process with dyeing salts

1997-11-21

1998-12-22

Einsmann, Margaret

Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification

Gelled fiber-dyeing process or product

8554, 8561, 8562, 8921, 8543, D06F 216, C08L 124, D06P 150, D06P 366

Patent

active

058512390

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
Regenerated cellulose is customarily colored by printing, exhaust-dyeing or pad-dyeing with direct, reactive, vat or sulfur dyes. These processes are carried out on yarn or fabric. If colored yarn is to be produced by spinning alone, it has hitherto been necessary to use pigments, which are customarily added to the spinning solution (Chemiefasern-Textilindustrie, Volume 34/86 (1984) No. 6, 444). One difficulty with this is to achieve homogeneous dispersion of the pigments in order that uniformly colored yarns may be obtained and the entrainment of pigments into the coagulation bath may be prevented. A further defect of spin-dyeing with pigments is the brilliance of the colors, which does not reach the brilliance of conventional dyeings with textile dyes because of the encapsulation of the particles in the cellulose substrate. It is true that the simple addition of a textile dye to the spinning solution leads to the dye being encapsulated in the course of coagulation, but this dye can be washed out again, depending on size and affinity. In addition, the coagulation bath becomes contaminated with dye, so that costly wash processes would become necessary.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a way of obtaining colored regenerated-cellulose yarns without the aforementioned disadvantages of the textiles produced therefrom.
It has been found that, surprisingly, a formulation comprising cationized polysaccharides and anionic dyes can be used in the spin-dyeing of viscose and that the colored yarns and textiles produced therefrom overcome the above-described disadvantages of the prior art.
The present invention accordingly provides a process for preparing colored regenerated-cellulose fiber, which comprises adding a formulation comprising a cationized polysaccharide and an anionic dye to a viscose dope, an alkali cellulose or a cellulose solution and spinning fiber by a viscose spinning process or from the cellulose solution. The cationized polysaccharide forms a mixture or a salt with the anionic dye in the formulation.
Suitable dyesalts or mixtures are preferably those comprising cationized starch or cationized cellulose and a reactive dye, an acid dye or a direct dye containing one or more, preferably 1 to 6, anionic groups, such as the carboxylate group and/or sulfonate group, in the molecule.
Cationized starches having a degree of substitution of about 0.05 are known (for example Houben-Weyl, 1987, vol. E20, part 3, pages 2135-2151) and in some instances commercially available, but it is also possible to use cationized starches having a degree of substitution of greater than 0.1 up to a maximum value of 3. A degree of substitution of 3 means that every one of the three free OH groups in every glucose unit has been reacted with a cationic radical. A degree of substitution of, for example, 0.01 means that, on average, every hundredth glucose unit has a cationized OH group. Cationic radicals preferably include C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylammonium radicals which have been etherified with an OH group of the polysaccharide, especially radicals of the formula --(CHR.sup.1).sub.x --N.sup.r R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4, where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, ammonium, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are identical or different and each is independently of the others hydrogen, phenyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl which may be substituted by one or more OH groups or OCH.sub.3 groups or interrupted by oxygen atoms or NH groups, or the radicals R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 form together with the nitrogen atom a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring which optionally contains further of the heteroatoms N, S and O in the ring, for example pyridinium, and x is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 2 to 3.
Particular preference is given to cationic radicals of the formula --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup.+, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.3.sup.+, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 N (CH.sub.3).sub.3 .sup.+ and --CH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 N (CH.sub.3).sub.3.sup.+.
The degree of polymerization o

REFERENCES:
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Andrew Streitwieser, Jr. et al, Introduction to Organic Chemistry, 2.sup.nd Edition, (1981), p. 267.
Hashimoto, T. et al, Chem. Abs. 86:44681c of JP 76121062, Oct., 1976.

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