Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Extract – body fluid – or cellular material of undetermined... – Body fluid or exudate or transudate other than snake venom,...
Patent
1990-05-11
1991-11-12
Kilby Scalzo, Catherine S.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Extract, body fluid, or cellular material of undetermined...
Body fluid or exudate or transudate other than snake venom,...
424538, C07K 1500
Patent
active
050646575
ABSTRACT:
Methods and compositions for blocking various channels and receptors within an organism are provided. For example, a toxin was isolated from the Argiope aurantia spider. This toxin was found to have a reversible effect on excitatory amino acid receptors. Another toxin having a molecular weight of from approximately 5,000 to approximately 7,000 daltons was isolated from the Hololena curta spider. This toxin was found to have an irreversible effect on excitatory amino acid receptors.
The present invention further relates to methods of treating heart and neurological diseases by applying the toxins isolated and identified. In particular, the low molecular weight toxin from Agelenopsis aperta may provide a treatment of certain heart conditions such as arrhythmia, angina, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. In addition, the toxins may provide beneficial effects on certain neuological conditions including seizures. It is also found that the toxins having an irreversible effect are effective as tags in probing the various components within the calcium channels and excitatory amino acid receptors and are effective insecticides and anthelmintics.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4855405 (1989-08-01), Yoshioka
Abe, T. et al., "Effects of a Spider Toxin on the Glutaminergic Synapse of Lobster Muscle", J. Physiol. (Lond.), 339:243-252, (1983).
Adams, Michael E. et al., "Isolation and Biological Activity of Synaptic Toxins from the Venom of the Funnel Web Spider, Agelenopsis Aperia".
Adams, M. E. et al., "Multiple Synaptic Antagonists from the Venom of an Orb Weaver Spider", Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, paragraph 260.2, p. 946, (1986).
Bachmann, M., "Isolation and Partial Characterization of a Toxin from the Venom of the East African Orthognath Spider Pterinochilus spec.", Toxicon, 20:547-552, (1982).
Bateman, A. et al., "Postsynaptic Block of a Glutamatergic Synapse by Low Molecular Weight Fractions of Spider Venom", 339 Brain Research, 237, (1985).
Bowers, C. W. et al., "Isolation and Partial Characterization of a New Irreversible Presynaptic Neurotoxin from Spider Venom", Society of Neuroscience, Abstracts, 12:27, (1986).
Bowers, "Identification . . . Hololena curta", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A., vol. 84, pp. 3506-3510, May 1987, Neurobiology.
Branton, W. D. et al., "New Presynaptic Neurotoxins from Spider Venom", Society of Neuroscience, Abstracts, 12:176, (1986).
Croucher, J. J. et al., "Anticonvulsant Action of Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists", Science, 216:899-901, (1982).
Cruz-Hofling, M. A. et al., "Effects of Phoneutria Nigriventer Spider Venom on Mouse Peripheral Nerve", Quart. J. Exp. Physiol., 70:623-640, (1985).
Duchen, L. W. et al., "The Pharmacology of Spider Venoms", In: A. T. Tu(Ed.), Insect Poisons, Allergens and Other Invertebrate Venoms, Handbook of Natural Toxins, vol. 2, N.Y., M. Dekker, pp. 483-513, (1984).
Entwistle et al., "Isolation of a Pure Toxic Polypeptide from the Venom of the Spider Phoneutria Nigriventer and its Neurophysiological Activity on an Insect Femur Preparation", Toxicon, 20:1059-1067, (1982).
Foil, L. D. et al., "Partial Characterization of Lethal and Neuroactive Components of the Brown Recluse Spider (Loxosceles Reclusa) Venom".
Geren, C. R. et al., "The Biochemistry of Spider Venoms", In: A. T. Tu(Ed.), Insect Poisons, Allergens and Other Invertebrate Venoms, Handbook of Natural Toxins, vol. 2, N.Y., M. Dekker, pp. 441-481, (1984).
Greenamyre, J. T., "The Role of Glutamate in Neurotransmission and in Neurologic Disease", Archives of Neurology, 43:1058-1063, (1986).
Jackson, H. et al., "Non-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors Mediating Synaptic Transmission in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus: Effects of Kynurenic Acid, Dipicolinic Acid and Streptomycin", 16 Neuroscience, 171, (1985).
Jackson, H. et al., "Spider Venoms Block Synaptic Transmission Mediated by Non-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus", presented to the Society of Neuroscience, Oct. 21, 1985.
Jackson, Hunter et al., "Presynaptic Blockade of Transmission by a Potent Long-Lasting Toxin from Aglenopsis aperta Spiders", Society for Neuroscience, Abstracts, 12:730, (1986).
Jackson, Hunter et al., "Effects of Spider Venoms on Transmission Mediated by Non-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus", In: T. P. Hicks et al., Excitatory Amino Acid Transmission, N.Y., A. R. Liss, pp. 51-54, (1987).
Kawai, Nobufumi et al., "Spider Venom Contains Specific Receptor Blocker of Glutaminergic Synapses", 247 Brain Research, 169, (1982).
Kawai, Nobufumi et al., "Effect of a Spider Toxin on Glutaminergic Synapses in the Mammalian Brain", 3 Biomedical Research, 353, (1982).
Kawai, Nobufumi et al., "Block of Glutamate Receptors by a Spider Toxin", (1983).
Kawai, Nobufumi et al., "Blockage of Synaptic Transmission in the Squid Giant Synapse by a Spider Toxin (JSTX)", 278 Brain Research, 346, (1983).
Kawai, Nobufumi et al., "Spider Toxin (JSTX) on the Glutamate Synapse", 79 J. Physiol., Paris, 228, (1984).
Love, S. et al., "Morphological Abnormalities in Myelinated Nerve Fibers Caused by Leiurus, Centruoides and Phoneutria Venoms and Their Prevention by Tetrodotoxin", Quart. J. Exp. Physicol., 71:115-122, (1985).
Meldrum, B., "Excitatory Amino Acids and Anoxic/Ischaemic Brain Damage", Trends Neuroscience, 8:47-48, (1985).
Michaelis, E. K. et al., "Spider Venoms Inhibit L-Glutamate Binding to Brain Synaptic Membrane Receptors", 81 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 5571, (Sep. 1984).
Miller, R. J. "Toxin Probes for Voltage Sensitive Calcium Channels", Trends in Neuroscience, 7:309, (1984).
Miller, R. J., "Multiple Calcium Channels and Neuronal Function", Science, 235:46-52, (1987).
Nagai, Takatoshi et al., "Differential Blocking Effects of a Spider Toxin on Synaptic and Glutamate Responses in the Afferent Synapse of the Acoustico-lateralis Receptors of Plotosus", 300 Brain Research, 183, (1984).
Nemeth, E. F. et al., "Pharmacological Evidence for Synaptic Transmission Mediated by Non-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus", 40 Neuroscience Letters, 39, (1983).
Nemeth, E. F. et al., "Evidence for the Involvement of Kainate Receptors in Synaptic Transmission in the Avian Cochlear Nucleus", 59 Neuroscience Letters, 297, (1985).
Odell, G. V. et al., "A Review of Research on Tarantula Colony Maintenance, Venom Collection, Composition and Toxicity".
Quicke, Donald L. J. et al., "Postsynaptic Blockage of Locust Neuromuscular Transmission by Low Molecular Weight Fractions of Araneid Venoms".
Rees, Riley et al., "Clinical Treatment of Confirmed Brown Recluse Spider Bites with Dapsone and Antivenom".
Rothman, S. M. et al., "Glutamate and the Pathophysiology of Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage", Annals of Neurology, 19:105-111, (1986).
Saito, Mitsuyoshi et al., "Spider Toxin (JSTX) Blocks Glutamate Synapse in Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons", 346 Brain Research, 397, (1985).
Schwarcz et al., "Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists Provide a Therapeutic Approach to Neurologic Disorders", The Lancet, Jul. 20, 140-143, (1985).
Sheumack et al., "A Comparative Study of Properties and Toxic Components of Funnel Web Spider (Atrax) Venom", Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 78C:55-66, (1984).
Sperelakis, N., "Properties of Calcium-Dependent Slow Action Potentials: Their Possible Role in Arrhythmias", In: L. H. Opie (Ed.), Calcium Antagonists and Cardiovascular Disease, N.Y., Raven Press, pp. 277-291, (1984).
Sperelakis, N. et al., "Properties of Myocardial Calcium Slow Channels and Mechanism of Action of Calcium Antagonistic Drugs, Current Topics in Membrane and Transport", 25:44-76, (1985).
Tashumukhamedov, B. A. et al., "Effects of Different Spider Venoms on Artificial and Biological Membranes", Toxins as Tools in Neurochemistry, (1983).
Tashumukhamedov, B. A., "Reconstitution in Bilayer Lipid Membranes of the Crab Potamon Transcaspicum Spider Venom Sensitive Glutamate Receptors", 4 Gen. Physiol. Biophys., 625, (1985).
Tzeng, Mu-Chin et al., "Chemistry and Actions of a-Latrotoxin from Black Widow Spider Venom".
Usherwood, Peter N. R. et al., "Slowly-Reversible Block of Glutamate Receptor-C
Hunter Jackson J. R.
Parks Thomas N.
Kilby Scalzo Catherine S.
University of Utah
LandOfFree
Spider toxins and methods for their use as blockers of amino aci does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Spider toxins and methods for their use as blockers of amino aci, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Spider toxins and methods for their use as blockers of amino aci will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1012061