Spectroscopic method with double modulation

Optics: measuring and testing – For light transmission or absorption – Of fluent material

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356432, G01N 2100

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active

056402457

ABSTRACT:
To improve the signal-to-noise ratio in trace analysis in gases or plasmas (3) by absorption spectroscopy the wavelength of the analyzing beam of a semiconductor laser (1) is modulated by a frequency f.sub.1 and the absorption length or population density of absorbing particles of the plasma is modulated by a frequency f.sub.2. For the measurement a lock-in amplifier (5) coupled to a photodiode (4) is tuned to the sum or difference frequency of the frequencies f.sub.1 and f.sub.2 or whole-number multiples thereof.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4934816 (1990-06-01), Silver et al.
patent: 5267019 (1993-11-01), Whittaker et al.
Journal of the Optical Society of America vol. 6, No. 5, May 1989 pp. 871-876; "High-sensitivity frequency-modulation spectroscopy with a GaAlAs diode laser"; Liang-Guo Wang, et al.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physic's 26 (1993) 14 Feb., No. 2, Bristol, G.B. pp. 199-202; "Measurement of the CF3 radical using infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy"; Kouji Maruyama, et al.
Applied Spectroscopy vol. 47, No. 3, 1993 Mar.; "Direct determination of trace elements in graphite matrices using modulated glow discharge atomic absorption spectrometry"; pp. 300-304;Ghangkang Pan, et al.
Analytical Chemistry, vol. 61, No. 21, Nov. 1, 1989 pp. 1217-1223; "Finding a single molecule in a haystack Optical detection and spectroscopy of single absorbers in solids"; W.E. Moerner, et al.

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