Image analysis – Image compression or coding
Reexamination Certificate
2001-11-13
2003-08-19
Patel, Jayanti K. (Department: 2621)
Image analysis
Image compression or coding
C375S242000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06608934
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventional methods for compressing and encoding data, and digital data in particular, continually strive for higher throughput rates. In transmission schemes, for example, digital data is typically converted into a binary baseband signal wherein the data to be transmitted can be viewed as a stream of 0's and 1's, as shown in FIG.
1
.
Computer modems, for example, employ modulation techniques such as Phase Shift Keying and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, whereby a pattern of bits (i.e., a binary baseband signal such as that shown in
FIG. 1
) is used to modulate a carrier signal. Where a tribit PSK coding is employed (for example, that recommended by CCITT Rec. V.27), three bits at a time are used to phase shift the transmitted signal by up to eight phases, permitting up to three times the bandwidth of the telephone carrier to be transmitted, and achieving 9600 bits/sec throughput.
FIG. 2
illustrates PSK modulation in a conventional computer modem; however, for convenience of illustration, only a dual phase technique (unibit coding) is shown.
As the ability of computers to process information continues to advance, however, so does the need for higher transmission rates of data. Full-motion video, hypertext, and sound wave synthesis capabilities are becoming commonplace in even standard-grade computer systems, and these applications require huge quantities of data at high throughput rates. Consequently, transmission of these amounts of data at useful speeds is becoming a serious bottleneck to the development and proliferation of this technology.
Transmission of data across telephone lines is limited most notably by the narrow bandwidth available with telephone equipment. The useful range is generally limited to between 300 Hz and 3000 Hz, yielding a bandwidth of less than 3 kHz. Conventional 9600 baud modems using PSK techniques on binary baseband signals swallow virtually all of this usable bandwidth, constraining the ability to improve data throughput.
It should be noted that other means for transmitting digital data also generally rely on a binary baseband signal and thus suffer from the same bandwidth constraints, albeit to different degrees, as telephone transmissions. The transmission of data over a telephone system is given merely as one example where the conventional technology suffers from the problems described above. Other areas where similar constraints apply include local and wide area networks, satellite communications, mass storage devices, radio and cellular communications, digital audio and video recordings, and so on.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a data encoding system which makes use of available bandwidth more efficiently.
It is another object of the invention to provide a data encoding system which can provide higher throughput rates when implemented in a data transmission scheme.
It is another object of the invention to provide a data encoding system which can provide higher throughput rates when implemented in a data compression scheme.
To achieve these and other objects, a data encoding scheme of the present invention maps a set of data to a number of spectral components, each component having an amplitude, a phase and a unique frequency. From these mapped sinusoids, a representation of an analog baseband signal can be formed. From this representation, a signal, either analog or digital, can be formed. When implemented in a data transmission scheme, the system can realize much higher throughput per available bandwidth than conventional techniques such as those employing binary baseband signals. Further, when implemented in a data compression scheme, the data encoding method can yield exponentially greater compression ratios without loss.
According to the data encoding system of the present invention, data to be transmitted or compressed is encoded such that it can be converted into an analog baseband signal, rather than a binary baseband signal, as is commonly done in the conventional arts. Although the encoding technique of the present invention should not be construed as limited to the particular applications of data transmission and compression, these implementations are considered sufficiently illustrative of the concepts of the invention, as well as its superiority over conventional techniques. Those skilled in the art, however, will readily appreciate from this description that other applications in keeping with the described concepts of the disclosed data encoding technique are possible with modifications necessary for those applications.
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O'Neil Donald A.
Scheirer Erik K.
Azarian Seyed
Patel Jayanti K.
Pillsbury & Winthrop LLP
Sonyx, Inc.
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