Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Hollow or container type article – Glass – ceramic – or sintered – fused – fired – or calcined metal...
Patent
1995-11-13
1997-12-23
Nold, Charles
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Hollow or container type article
Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal...
52144, 181224, 181286, G10K 1116
Patent
active
057005273
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sound-absorbing building component made of glass or transparent synthetic glass and having holes penetrating through the building component, which is disposed at a distance from a surface. A component as generally described above is known from German Patent Document DE-G 91 16 233.6U1.
Conventional sound absorbers, also known as passive absorbers, employ porous or fibrous material in order to convert airborne sound vibrations into heat by means of friction on their finely structured, as open as possible surface structure.
Thus, the macroperforated (i.e., having a hole-surface portion of 5-30%) glass pane facing the sound field described in German Patent Document DE G 91 16 233.6 as a transparent cover with a multiplicity of perforations each having surface dimensions ranging from 20 mm.sup.2 to 20 cm.sup.2 lets sound pass almost unimpeded to sound absorbing elements disposed in the air space between the glass panes. Accordingly, only the sound energy that passed through the holes in the air space can be absorbed there by the sound absorbing elements.
Alternatively, energy in a relatively wide frequency band is withdrawn from the soundwaves occurring in so-called reactive absorbers by means of the resonation of foils, panels or membranes if the resonance is dampened by porous, fibrous or viscose dampening layers. Reactive sound absorbers are also known that require no additional dampening material. They are however either designed with multiple layers of foils, panels or membranes, or/and provided with relatively large, beveled holes, or/and provided with a markedly structured (e.g., relief-like) surface, so that a multiplicity of panel and air vibrations are excited.
Recently consultant and development projects have seen an increase in the demand for sound absorbers made of structurally stable and chemically highly resistant ceramic materials. In both technical and structural acoustics, there is a need for sound absorbers that can function without porous or even fibrous dampening materials.
The portion of glass building components in the surfaces of the exteriors and interiors of office and public buildings has increased greatly. As glass, especially when very thick, practically totally reflects soundwaves in a wide frequency range, acoustical problems frequently arose regarding reverberation time and acoustic-impairing ricocheting. Particularly critical in this respect are rooms with concave surfaces, which can cause sound to converge.
All the previously known absorbers can be made to a certain degree translucent by selecting suitable vibration dampening materials. Up to now however, it has not been possible to utilize completely transparent glass or plastic building components with a completely smooth, hard, non-vibratable closed surface for sound absorption. Indeed, glass surfaces for enclosing space are considered to be acoustically completely hard (totally reflecting). The continuing trend toward more and larger glass walls and ceilings, which moreover are often concave in shape, can lead to especially acoustic-impairing sound concentrations occurring toward the center of the curvature. This decisive drawback of glass building components is becoming increasingly apparent. In objects that also have to meet certain acoustical requirements in addition to structural, optical and lighting specifications, the architect has previously been forced to make major concessions in his concept. Such an architect was compelled to, at least partially, either replace the glass building components with sound absorbing non-transparent building components, or neutralize the glass building components by placing additional non-transparent sound absorbers near them, or by placing near the glass building components additional reflectors (also transparent) which deflect or scatter the ricocheting soundwaves in such a manner that they no longer disturb the "acoustics" of a room.
An object of the present invention is to create a glass building component
REFERENCES:
patent: 4787473 (1988-11-01), Fuchs et al.
Fuchs, H.V.: XUR Absorption tieter frequenzen in Tonstudios Rundfunklechnhes Mittcilungen rtm 36 (1992), H. 1, pp. 1-11.
Maa, D.Y.: Theory and design of microperforated panel sound absorbing constructions. Scientia Sinica 18 (1975), II. 1, (in Chinese).
Fuchs Helmut
Zha Xuegin
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung
Nold Charles
LandOfFree
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