Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Specific organic component
Reexamination Certificate
2000-10-02
2003-05-13
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Specific organic component
C510S101000, C510S146000, C510S151000, C510S417000, C424S401000, C424S078080
Reexamination Certificate
active
06562778
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Solubilizers are used in the preparation of aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic pseudosolutions (“solubilizates”) of water-insoluble substances with oil-like behavior such as, for example, essential oils or vitamins, etc. The dissolution of these substances is attributable to their solubility being greater in the surfactant micelles than in the aqueous phase. This means that above all surfactants capable of forming micelles even in low concentrations appear to be particularly suitable as solubilizers [Parf. Kosm. 65, 679 (1984)]. However, surfactants such as these always contain alkylene oxide chains which is not always desirable from the marketing perspective.
It is pointed out in this connection that the use of alkyl glucosides as emulsifiers for a range of applications is already prior art. The emulsifying and dispersing properties of polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates are the subject of DE-A1 4420516 and DE-A1-19643062. Mixtures of alkyl glucosides and polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates and their use as emulsifiers are described in DE-A1 19533539. However, the formation of emulsions follows a different mechanism than solubilization. Accordingly, there is nothing in the suitability of a substance as an emulsifier to suggest that it would also have solubilizing properties.
The problem addressed by the present invention was therefore to provide new solubilizers for the preparation of solubilizates which would not contain any alkylene oxide and which would provide performance results at least comparable with those of known products.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention includes the use of mixtures of glycosides and polyol esters as solubilizers for the production of solubilizates.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to the use of detergent mixtures containing
(a) alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides and
(b) polyol polyhydroxy-12-stearates
as solubilizers for the production of clear solubilizates.
It has surprisingly been found that mixtures of alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides and polyol polyhydroxystearates adapted to one another can be cold-mixed with water in any ratio and, in addition, also have excellent solubilizing properties. Accordingly, it is now possible in accordance with the new teaching of the invention to formulate clear pseudosolutions containing essential oils or vitamins which, hitherto, could not be obtained by other methods. This discovery is also surprising because the polyol polyhydroxystearates, although having interfacially active properties, are still mainly lipophilic in character and, accordingly, are immiscible with water in any ratio.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Alkyl and/or Alkenyl Olipoalycosides
Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides which form component (a) are known nonionic surfactants which correspond to formula (I):
R
1
O—[G]
p
(I)
where R
1
is an alkyl and/or alkenyl group containing 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10. They may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. The overviews presented by Bierman et al. in Starch/Stärke 45, 281(1993), by B. Salka in Cosm. Toil. 108, 89 (1993) and by J. Kahre in SÖFW-Journal No. 8, 598 (1995) are cited as representative of the extensive literature available on this subject.
The alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides may be derived from aldoses or ketoses containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. Accordingly, the preferred alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides are alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index p in general formula (I) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), i.e. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and is a number of 1 to 10. Whereas p in a given compound must always be an integer and, above all, may assume a value of 1 to 6, the value p for a certain alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically determined calculated quantity which is generally a broken number. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having an average degree of oligomerization p of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having a degree of oligomerization of less than 1.7 and, more particularly, between 1.2 and 1.4 are preferred from the applicational point of view. The alkyl or alkenyl radical R
1
may be derived from primary alcohols containing 4 to 11 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and the technical mixtures thereof obtained, for example, in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis. Alkyl oligoglucosides having a chain length of C
8
to C
10
(DP=1 to 3), which are obtained as first runnings in the separation of technical C
8-18
coconut oil fatty alcohol by distillation and which may contain less than 6% by weight of C
12
alcohol as an im-purity, and also alkyl oligoglucosides based on technical C
9/11
oxoalcohols (DP=1 to 3) are preferred. In addition, the alkyl or alkenyl radical R
1
may also be derived from primary alcohols containing 12 to 22 and preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and technical mixtures thereof which may be obtained as described above. Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hydrogenated C
12/14
coconut oil fatty alcohol having a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.
Polyol poly-12-hydroxystearates
The polyol poly-12-hydroxystearates which form component (b) are known substances which are marketed by Henkel KGaA of Düsseldorf, FRG, for example under the name of “Dehymuls® PGPH”. Reference is also made in this connection to International patent application WO 95/34528 (Henkel). The polyol component of the emulsifiers may be derived from substances which contain at least 2, preferably 3 to 12 and more preferably 3 to 8 hydroxyl groups and 2 to 12 carbon atoms. Typical examples are
(a) glycerol and polyglycerol;
(b) alkylene glycols such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol;
(c) methylol compounds such as, in particular, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
(d) alkyl oligoglucosides containing 1 to 22, preferably 1 to 8 and more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group such as, for example, methyl and butyl glucoside;
(e) sugar alcohols containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms such as, for example, sorbitol or mannitol,
(f) sugars containing 5 to 12 carbon atoms such as, for example, glucose or sucrose;
(g) amino sugars such as, for example, glucamine.
Among the emulsifiers suitable for use in accordance with the invention, reaction products based on polyglycerol are particularly important by virtue of their excellent applicational properties. It has proved to be of particular advantage to use selected polyglycerols which have the following homolog distribution (the preferred ranges are shown in brackets):
glycerols
5 to 35 (15 to 30) % by weight
diglycerols
15 to 40 (20 to 32) % by weight
trigiycerols
10 to 35 (15 to 25) % by weight
tetraglycerols
5 to 20 (8 to 15) % by weight
pentaglycerols
2 to 10 (3 to 8) % by weight
oligoglycerols
to 100 % by weight
Components (a) and (b) may be mixed in a ratio of 10:90 to 90:10, preferably 25:75 to 75:25 and more preferably 40:60 to 60:40. A mixture of alkyl glucosides and polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearate in a ratio by weight of 1:1, which is commercially obtainable as Eumulgin® VL75, is particularly preferred. The solubilizers can make up from 1 to 25% by weight and preferably from 5 to 15% by weight of the final formulations.
Essential Oils
The substances with oil-like properties which can be solubilized as described above include, for example, the essential oils.
Ansmann Achim
Baumoeller Guido
Kawa Rolf
Tesmann Holger
Cognis Deutschland GmbH
Drach John E.
Ettelman Aaron R.
Gupta Yogendra N.
Mruk Brian P.
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