Solid state graphite electrode

Details Solid state graphite electrode Solid state graphite electrode

1982-12-10

1984-02-14

Niebling, John F.

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy

Apparatus

Electrolytic

204416, 204400, G01M 2726

Patent

active

044315082

ABSTRACT:
A solid state graphite electrode to determine the activity of an ion-specie in solution. The graphite electrode of the present invention can be adapted for use as either an external reference electrode, an ion-selective electrode or as an internal reference electrode. The electrode includes, as an electrically conductive element, a supported section of graphite that is appropriately electrically connected through a potentiometer to show a difference in ion concentration as a voltage potential or emf. One graphite surface for immersion in a test solution is hydrophobized by coating it with a solution that contains an organic liquid molecule to covalently bond with hydroxyl groups (OH) of the graphite surface, rendering that surface hydrophobic. Preferably, the organic liquid is a silanizing agent, which coating after drying is covered with a hydrophobic layer or membrane that is preferably a polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic. For an ion-selective electrode, an ion sensor for the ion to be sensed is mixed in the membrane material coated over the hydrophobized graphite and in another embodiment for an internal reference electrode, a hydrophilic membrane containing pairs of a same chemical specie in differing oxidation states or redox couple can be sandwiched therebetween.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4214968 (1980-07-01), Battaglia
Anal. Chem. 54, 322-324 (1982).

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