Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Processes and products – Processes of treating materials by wave energy
Patent
1995-06-07
1996-09-17
Lewis, Michael
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Processes and products
Processes of treating materials by wave energy
423445B, 423DIG19, C01B 3102
Patent
active
055565174
ABSTRACT:
This invention provides an improved process and apparatus for making fullerenes by vaporizing carbon and conducting the resulting carbon vapor to a dark zone for fullerene growth and annealing. In one embodiment concentrated solar energy is used to vaporize carbon. In a further embodiment, concentrated solar energy may be used to improve fullerene yields by vaporizing carbon and further to prevent carbon cluster formation until the carbon vapor passes into a dark zone for fullerene growth and annealing. The invention provides an improvement to increase the yield of any known process wherein carbon is vaporized under high light conditions, the improvement comprising providing a dark zone for fullerene growth and annealing.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4000733 (1977-01-01), Pauly
patent: 5227038 (1993-07-01), Smalley et al.
patent: 5236470 (1993-08-01), Levin
Hammond et al., Ed., Fullerenes: Synthesis, Properties and Chemistry, Ch. 10-"Doping the Fullerenes," pp. 141-159 (1992).
Chai et al., Journ. Phys. Chem., 95(20), "Fullerenes with Metals Inside", pp. 7564-7568, Oct. 3, 1991.
Haufler et al "Carbon Arc Generation of C.sub.60 ", Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 206 1991, pp. 627-637.
Smalley, "Self-Assembly of Fullerenes," Acc. Chem. Res., 25(3), Mar. 1992, pp. 98-105.
Baum, "Flood of Fullerene Discoveries continues Unabated", C & EN Jun. 1, 1992 pp. 25-33.
IBM Technical Disclosure, vol. 34, No. 4B, Sep. 1991, p. 222.
DiMauro Peter T.
Lewis Michael
William Marsh Rice University
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