Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector – Conjugate or complex
Patent
1998-08-20
1999-12-14
Dodson, Shelley A.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector
Conjugate or complex
424400, 424401, A61K 3578, A61K 700
Patent
active
060013664
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a cosmetic slimming composition which can be administered via the external topical route and which can be used in particular, but not exclusively, for the preventive and/or curative treatment of cellulite.
In general, it is known that in women, the fatty tissue located in the hypodermis represents 15 to 20% of the body weight. It is unevenly distributed on the hips, the buttocks and the abdomen in particular.
The hypodermis is hydrolipidic: 85% fatty substances and 15% water (2/3 of which is extracellular). This "fatty cushion" consists of lipid cells, the adipocytes. These large vacuolized cells almost entirely filled with triglycerides, the adipocytes, are regrouped in lobules delimited by connectivovascular partitions.
In women, these partitions are vertical and perpendicular to the skin's surface. In contrast, in men, they are arranged in an oblique manner. This difference explains why "orange-peel" skin is a typically female manifestation.
The connective part includes collagen fibres, reticulin fibres and reticuloendothelial cells. Vascularization is ensured by an artery and two veins for each lobule and by a great number of capillaries which run through the lobules and hold each adipocyte.
This proximity is fundamental for the transfer of lipids from the adipocyte into the systemic circulation, and vice versa.
In addition to this important vascularization, there is a rich lymphatic network and innervation which runs into the hypodermis before ending in the subjacent dermis.
The adipocytes, which are essential cells of fatty tissue, represent a major energy reserve.
The lipid reserves of adipose tissue are in a state of continual renewal, which is a sign of particularly active cell metabolism, the consequence of which is a rapid "turn-over" of lipids.
This metabolism includes three phases: lipogenesis (biosynthesis of fatty acids), storage of the lipids in the form of triglycerides, and lipolysis (hydrolysis of the triglycerides).
It turns out that, for various reasons (reaction with toxic compounds, disequilibrium between proteinic and lipidic anabolism, constraint on the free circulation of interstitial fluids, disequilibria of hormonal secretions), subcutaneous connective tissue can undergo an abnormal transformation, allowing itself to be progressively overcome by sclerosis. This syndrome, generally known as cellulite, is thus reflected in a morphological change in the skin and subcutaneous tissues.
Its terrain is almost exclusively female and its topography is localized on the pelvis, the lower limbs and, more incidentally, the abdomen.
The origin of the cellulitic tissue lesion is in the dermis and the hypodermis, the final appearance merely being the reflection of the structural changes in the deep layers of the skin.
Normally, the hypodermis or subcutaneous tissue forms a celluloadipose cushion in which connectivoelastic partitions separate the adipose lobules (rounded masses formed of adipocytes).
It is accepted that the number of adipocytes is fixed very early during growth and that the increase in adipose mass takes place primarily by hypertrophy (increase in the volume of the adipocytes).
The constitution of the celluloadipose tissue is due to two simultaneous anomalies: the accumulation of fat in the adipocytes and water retention by the ground substance.
Indeed, adipose tissue constitutes a considerable energy reserve stored in the form of intracellular triglycerides. These triglycerides can be hydrolysed to redistribute the fatty acids to the tissues. Lipolysis, adapted to the energy requirements, is constantly in equilibrium with lipogenesis.
The hydrolysis of triglycerides, carried out by the adipose tissue, gives it the role of being the main supplier of energy. It is due to the action of a hormone-sensitive enzymatic system which includes triglyceridelipase. This enzyme is activated by a cascade of reactions in which cyclic AMP (adenosine monophosphate) plays a central role.
Maintenance of the adipose mass depends on the correct functioning of all th
REFERENCES:
patent: 4842859 (1989-06-01), Liu
Z. Zhang, Dec. 27, 1995-XPOO2044018 and CN 1 113 691 Abstract Only in English.
T. Brasseur: Medicaments Renfermant des Flavonoides, Journal De Pharmacie De Belgigue, vol.44,No. 6, 1989, pp. 403-410, XPOO2044569, see p. 409 paragraph 2 --Abstract Only in English.
Fritsch Marie-Claire
Vacher Anne-Marie
Dodson Shelley A.
Drucker William A.
Lanatech Laboratoire Nature et Technique
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