Stock material or miscellaneous articles – All metal or with adjacent metals – Composite; i.e. – plural – adjacent – spatially distinct metal...
Patent
1997-05-06
1999-03-02
Zimmerman, John J.
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
All metal or with adjacent metals
Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal...
428673, 428674, 428929, 200266, 200267, 200668, 420503, 420508, 420510, 420511, H01H 102, H01R 3904, C22C 502, C22C 508
Patent
active
058768629
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is an application which has been filed under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371 from parent International Application No. PCT/JP96/00409 having an international filing date of 23 Feb. 1996.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to contact material employed for an electrically and mechanically sliding portion, and more specifically to the contact material and clad composition material containing the contact material which may be employed in a commutator equipped in a direct current motor, especially in a direct current compact motor, having a sufficiently long life and a low starting voltage when it is employed for the material of a compact disk spindle.
In recent years, the number of apparatuses in which sliding contact occurs has been increased in the field of electronic industries so that the development of new sliding contact material and the research regarding abrasion have been extensively conducted. The abrasion and the contact resistance are problematic in the sliding contact material, but this abrasion phenomenon is complex so that there are many aspects academically unelucidated.
Even though the metal surface of the contact material is intended to be finished relatively smoothly, the microscopic observation reveals that the surface is not a completely flat surface but ordinarily possesses minute unevenness. Although two metal surfaces appear to be in contact with each other with a large contact area, they are actually in contact with each other only with isolated projections due to the existence of the several concaves and convexes.
The abrasion due to the friction is basically proportional to the strength of a contact force and inversely proportional to the hardness. A temperature, a humidity, a corrosive component, organic vapor, dust and the like are factors introducing a change in the abrasion and electrical performances (contact resistance).
The wear in the sliding contact material is largely divided into adhesive wear and abrasion wear. The adhesive wear takes place by means of the welding between the metals of the actual contact potions or the projections so as to tear off the softer metal which is shifted to the harder metal.
The abrasion wear is induced when two groups of material having largely different hardnesses are rubbed with each other or when two groups of soft material one of which contains hard particles are rubbed.
The sliding contact material is widely utilized for an earth ring, a rotary switch and other devices inclusion a direct current compact motor for a compact disk spindle and a commutator employed in the direct current compact motor. Three-layered clad composite material employed as a conventional commutator for a compact disk spindle of a direct current compact motor is known to consist of a surface layer composed of an Au--Ag alloy consisting of 40% in weight of Ag and a balance of Au, an intermediate layer composed of an Ag--Cu--Ni alloy consisting of 4% in weight of Cu. 0.5% in weight of Ni and a balance of Ag and a base layer composed of a Cu--Sn--Ni alloy consisting of 9.5% in weight of Ni, 2.5% in weight of Sn and a balance of Cu.
Another pertinent prior reference discloses a rectifier having as a commutator an Ag--Pd--Cu alloy essentially consisting of 2 to 10% in weight of Cu, 2 to 10% weight of Pd and a balance of Ag. However, in this rectifier, the improvements on the performances, especially under a high temperature circumstance, such as the increase of a contact resistance and instabilities generated by black powder produced due to Pd and the generation of an electrical noise have been requested.
With the miniaturization of audio devices in the recent years, the direct current compact motor is equipped near a heating element such as an amplifier so that the temperature of the motor even at normal operation condition may reach to 70.degree. C. Especially when the motor is equipped in an automobile, the temperature under the midsummer burning sun may reach over 70.degree. C.
Generally, the lif
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Asada Takao
Nakamura Tetsuya
Shibuya Isao
Yamamoto Toshiya
Mabuchi Motor Co. Ltd.
Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K.
Zimmerman John J.
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