Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Patent
1998-10-21
2000-10-17
Merriam, Andrew E. C.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
164138, 523141, 523142, 523143, 523218, 524441, 524444, B22C 908, C08K 718
Patent
active
061333409
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to exothermic and/or insulating sleeves, their method of preparation, and their use. The sleeves are prepared by shaping a sleeve mix comprising (1) a sleeve composition capable of providing a sleeve, and (2) a chemically reactive binder. The sleeves are cured in the presence of a catalyst by the cold-box or no-bake curing process. The invention also relates to a process for casting metal parts using a casting assembly where the sleeves are a component of the casting assembly. Additionally, the invention relates to the metal parts produced by the casting process.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A casting assembly consists of a pouring cup, a gating system (including downsprues, choke, and runner), risers, sleeves, molds, cores, and other components. To produce a metal casting, metal is poured into the pouring cup of the casting assembly and passes through the gating system to the mold and/or core assembly where it cools and solidifies. The metal part is then removed by separating it from the core and/or mold assembly.
The molds and/or cores used in the casting assembly are made of sand or other foundry aggregate and a binder, often by the no-bake or cold-box process. The foundry aggregate is mixed with a chemical binder and typically cured in the presence of a liquid or vaporous catalyst after it is shaped. Typical aggregates used in making molds and/or cores are aggregates having high densities and high thermal conductivity such as are silica sand, olivine, quartz, zircon sand, and magnesium silicate sands. The amount of binder used for producing molds and/or cores from these aggregates on a commercial level is typically from 1.0 to 2.25 weight percent based upon the weight and type of the aggregate.
The density of a foundry mix is typically from 1.2 to 1.8 g/cc while the thermal conductivity of such aggregates typically ranges from 0.8 to 1.0 W/m.K. The resulting molds and/or cores are not exothermic since they do not liberate heat. Although molds and cores have insulating properties, they are not very effective as insulators. In fact, molds and cores typically absorb heat.
Risers or feeders are reservoirs which contain excess molten metal which is needed to compensate for contractions or voids of metal which occur during the casting process. Metal from the riser fills such voids in the casting when metal from the casting contracts. Thus the metal from the riser is allowed to remain in a liquid state for a longer period of time, thereby providing metal to the casting as it cools and solidifies. Sleeves are used to surround or encapsulate the riser and other parts of the casting assembly in order to keep the molten metal in the riser hot and maintain it in the liquid state. The temperature of the molten metal and the amount of time that the metal in the riser remains molten is a function of the sleeve composition and the thickness of the sleeve wall, among other factors.
In order to serve their function, sleeves must have exothermic and/or insulating properties. The exothermic and insulating thermal properties of the sleeve are different in kind and/or degree than the thermal properties of the mold assembly into which they are inserted. Predominately exothermic sleeves operate by liberating heat which satisfies some or all of the specific heat requirements of the riser and limits the temperature loss of the molten metal in the riser, thereby keeping the metal hotter and liquid longer. Insulating sleeves, on the other hand, maintain the molten metal in the riser by insulating it from the surrounding mold assembly.
Foundry molds and cores do not have the thermal properties which enable them to serve the functions of a sleeve. They are not exothermic, are not effective enough as insulators, and absorb too much heat to keep the molten metal hot and liquid. Compositions used in foundry molds and cores are not useful for making sleeves because they do not have the required thermal properties and density.
Typical materials used to make sleeves are aluminum, oxidizing
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Ashland Inc.
Hedden David L.
Merriam Andrew E. C.
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