Prosthesis (i.e. – artificial body members) – parts thereof – or ai – Leg – Socket holder
Patent
1988-12-27
1990-05-08
Frinks, Ronald L.
Prosthesis (i.e., artificial body members), parts thereof, or ai
Leg
Socket holder
623 35, 623 57, 128157, 128165, A61F 278, A61F 280, A61F 1300
Patent
active
049234749
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a sleeve member for enclosing and being fixed to a deformed part of the body, such as an amputation stump. The new sleeve member is primarily intended as an aid for the application of a prosthesis and stump treatment but may also be used for other purposes, such as the attachment of various auxiliary and training equipment to an amputation stump.
In conventional application of a prosthesis to, for example, an amputation extremity, the stump in question is embedded in a prosthetic sleeve attached to the prosthesis, which sleeve mediates the flux of forces between the amputated body part and the actual prosthesis. Usually such a prosthetic sleeve is produced by making a cast of the amputation stump by means of plaster bandages to obtain a so-called negative of the the stump shape. This negative is then filled with plaster, whereby a plaster copy corresponding to the stump at the time of the casting is obtained. On this negative a sleeve is then formed, usually from a plastic laminate, which sleeve is provided with a closable opening in the extreme or distal end portion thereof. To introduce the stump into the prosthetic sleeve the former is provided with a stocking of knitted fabric, the end of which is then passed through said opening in the bottom of the sleeve, whereupon the soft parts of the stump are drawn downwards into the sleeve by means of the stocking. The knitted stocking is then drawn off the stump and the opening is closed by a valve. Due to the adhesion of the stump skin to the inside of the prosthetic sleeve and the negative pressure which is created in the space between the stump end and the sleeve bottom and maintained by the valve, the prosthesis will be well fixed to the amputation stump in question.
Such a conventional prosthetic sleeve, which for its attachment or suspension is dependent on such an adhesion to the skin and negative pressure, is substantially rigid and has a constant shape, a constant volume and a constant area. Changes of the living stump in any of these parameters thus result in an impaired fitting between stump and sleeve. The suspension is, of course, particularly effected if the volume or circumference of the stump is reduced, such that air may enter via the inner or proximal end, causing a risk that the sleeve will no longer adhere to the stump and that the prosthesis consequently may come off the patient. Any change of the fitting will also give reduced comfort to the patient.
To overcome these inconveniences so-called flexible prosthetic sleeves have been designed. These sleeves are characterized in that they, as the above mentioned rigid sleeves, have a constant area, whereas the shape and volume thereof are variable, resulting, however, in that the circumference of any section is constant. To the extent allowed by the constant circumference these sleeves may, however, conform to the shape and volume changes of the stump, thereby providing a considerably better comfort than the rigid sleeves. The suspension of the prosthesis is as before dependent on adhesion and negative pressure, but due to the properties of the flexible sleeve the risk of admission of air is reduced and the suspension will be safer. Because of the constant area of the flexible prosthetic sleeve it does not, however, always conform to the shape and volume changes of the stump but causes some sliding between the stump skin and the inner wall of the sleeve. While sliding between skin and sleeve is more pronounced for rigid sleeves when external shear forces are transmitted to the stump, it is still a problem when using flexible sleeves and may, for example, give an unpleasant feeling in case of a sore stump skin.
In addition to the fact that the application of the conventional prosthetic sleeves is relatively complicated and thus requires the use of a knitted fabric stocking to accomplish downward drawing of the soft parts of the stump and valve means to maintain a negative pressure, a certain sliding may also be obtained between the prosthetic sleeve and the stum
REFERENCES:
patent: 980457 (1911-01-01), Toles
patent: 3377416 (1968-04-01), Kandel
patent: 3991424 (1976-11-01), Prahl
patent: 4634446 (1987-01-01), Kristinsson
Klasson Bo
Kristinsson Ossur
Frinks Ronald L.
Ossur hf
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