Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Web – sheet or filament bases; compositions of bandages; or...
Reexamination Certificate
1994-01-21
2001-03-13
Kulkosky, Peter F. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Web, sheet or filament bases; compositions of bandages; or...
C424S078020, C424S078060
Reexamination Certificate
active
06200596
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a method which enhances the ability of pressure sensitive adhesives to adhere to treated mammalian skin. More particularly, the invention relates to moisturizing skin treatments that medical adhesives will adhere to.
BACKGROUND ART
Most of the moisturizing lotions and ointments commonly used to treat and protect mammalian skin consist of oil-in-water emulsions and creams, water-in-oil emulsions and, to a lesser degree, simply 100% oil formulations. These compositions generally use oils as the main ingredient with lesser amounts of humectants. The oils are selected from a large group of commercially available, cosmetically accepted oils, which are generally recognized by the cosmetic industry as having emollient properties. As a whole, these products either do not allow or do not enhance the ability of adhesive products, such as medical tapes, to adhere over skin to which they have been applied.
According to the present invention, it has been discovered that certain oil-soluble acrylate polymers, alone or in combination with conventional moisturizing oils, in oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions, provide substantive (i.e., they are not readily removed by simple abrasion or water assault) skin treatments which enhance the ability of pressure sensitive adhesives to adhere to the treated skin.
Oil-soluble acrylate polymers have been used heretofore in treatments for skin. For example, acrylate polymers have been used in sunscreening compositions of the oil or water-in-oil type to reduce removal of the sunscreening agent from the skin by swimming or perspiration (U.S. Pat. No. 4,172,122); in skin moisturizing compositions (U.S. Pat. No. 4,552,755); with medicaments for topical application to the skin (U.S. Pat. No. 4,940,579); and in mosquito repellent compositions (U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,256).
Other cosmetic compositions containing oil-soluble acrylate polymers include make-up compositions such as lip rouges, mascaras and eyeliners (U.S. Pat. No. 3,911,105; Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 54-151139; and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 55-130907).
Water-in-oil emulsion composition for skin treatment containing low molecular weight oil-soluble acrylate copolymers as emulsifying agents are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,057,622; 4,057,623; 4,057,624; 4,128,634; 4,128,635; 4,128,636. However, prior to the present invention, it had not been recognized that certain oil-soluble acrylate polymers can provide skin treatment compositions which enhance the ability of pressure sensitive adhesives to adhere to skin. When these oil-soluble acrylate polymers are used with emollient oils in oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions, the result is a skin treatment which provides not only long lasting skin moisturizing effects but the unexpected property that pressure sensitive adhesives will adhere to them.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of increasing, or at least not adversely affecting, the adhesion of pressure sensitive adhesives to treated mammalian skin. The method comprises coating the skin with the coating composition prior to the application of the pressure sensitive adhesive. The coating composition comprises an acrylate polymer dissolved in an emollient oil. The acrylate polymer comprises:
from 40 to 95 mole percent of the same or different ester monomers of the formula:
wherein
R
1
is an alkyl radical containing 4 to 18 carbon atoms in cyclic, straight- or branched-chain configuration, and
R
2
is hydrogen or lower alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and
from 5 to 60 mole percent by weight of the same or different acid monomers of the formula:
wherein
R
3
is H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms;
R
4
is hydrogen, methyl, or —CO
2
R
3
, and
R
5
is hydrogen, lower alkyl or —CH
2
CO
2
R
3
;
provided when R
4
is not hydrogen, R
5
is hydrogen and when R
5
is not hydrogen, R
4
is hydrogen, and further provided that at least one R
3
is hydrogen.
The acrylate polymer when used in oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions provide moisturizing, substantive, adhesion enhancing treatments for mammalian skin.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Acrylate polymers useful in the practice of the invention include copolymers, terpolymers, etc. derived from the polymerization of at least one ester monomer and at least one acid monomer. The ester monomer is selected from the same or different monomers of Formula I below:
wherein
R
1
is an alkyl radical containing 4 to 18 carbon atoms in cyclic, straight- or branched-chain configuration, and
R
2
is hydrogen or lower alkyl.
The acid monomer is selected from the same or different monomers of Formula II below:
wherein
R
3
is H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms;
R
4
is hydrogen, methyl, or —CO
2
R
3
, and
R
5
is hydrogen, lower alkyl or —CH
2
CO
2
R
3
;
provided when R
4
is not hydrogen, R
5
is hydrogen and when R
5
is not hydrogen, R
4
is hydrogen, and further provided that at least one R
3
is hydrogen. The term “lower alkyl” refers to an alkyl radical containing one to four carbon atoms.
The acrylate polymers can be prepared using the corresponding alkyl esters of acrylic, methacrylic, itaconic or malic acid, wherein the ester alkyl groups may contain 1 to 18 carbon atoms and are exemplified by methyl, ethyl, butyl, methylisoamyl, n-hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, isooctyl, isodecyl, lauryl, octadecyl, stearyl groups and the like. The most preferred esters are the acrylates and methacrylates with alkyl groups containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms. Esters wherein the alkyl group contains less than four carbon atoms may be included in small amounts, e.g. less than 10 mole percent. However, in order to achieve the requisite solubility parameter, the polymers should generally not contain a significant amount of lower alkyl ester monomers. The preferred ester monomers of Formula I include alkyl esters such as:
n-butyl acrylate
n-butyl methacrylate
iso-butyl acrylate
iso-butyl methacrylate
sec-butyl acrylate
sec-butyl methacrylate
n-amyl acrylate
n-amyl methacrylate
iso-amyl acrylate
iso-amyl methacrylate
n-hexyl acrylate
n-hexyl methacrylate
cyclohexyl acrylate
2-ethylbutyl acrylate
2-ethylbutyl methacrylate
n-heptyl acrylate
n-heptyl methacrylate
n-octyl acrylate
n-octyl methacrylate
2-ethylhexyl acrylate
2-ethylhexyl methacrylate
iso-octyl acrylate
iso-octyl methacrylate
n-nonyl acrylate
n-nonyl methacrylate
n-decyl acrylate
n-decyl methacrylate
iso-decyl acrylate
iso-decyl methacrylate
undecyl methacrylate
lauryl acrylate
lauryl methacrylate
hexadecyl acrylate
hexadecyl methacrylate
octadecyl acrylate
octadecyl methacrylate
stearyl methacrylate
&bgr;-carboxyethyl acrylate, and mixtures thereof.
The preferred acid monomers are the unesterified &agr;,&bgr;-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids of Formula II such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, ethacrylic acid and mixtures thereof. The presence of the carboxylic acid monomer contributes to the substantivity of the compositions and the ability of adhesives to adhere to skin coated with these compositions.
The acrylate polymers are derived from about 5 to 60 mole percent of the acid monomers and about 40 to 95 mole percent of the alkyl ester monomers. The preferred polymers are derived from 10 to 40 mole percent of the olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers and 90 to 60 mole percent of the alkyl ester monomers containing 4 to 18 carbon atoms in the ester alkyl groups. The most preferred polymers are derived from 15 to 30 mole percent of the olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers and 70 to 85 mole percent of the alkyl ester monomers containing 4 to 18 carbon atoms in the ester alkyl groups. When difunctional acid monomers only are included along with the ester monomers of Formula I, the mole percent of such acid monomers should not exceed about 30 in order to maintain the required solubility parameter of between 6 and 10 (cal/cc)
½
in poorly hydrogen bonding solvents. A parti
Randen Neil A.
Schwartzmiller Donald H.
3M Innovative Properties Company
Bates Carolyn A.
Bauer Stephen W.
Boeder Jennie G.
Kulkosky Peter F.
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