Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution... – Containing or obtained from a tree having matured height of...
Reexamination Certificate
2002-04-03
2004-01-27
Lankford, Jr., Leon B. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Plant material or plant extract of undetermined constitution...
Containing or obtained from a tree having matured height of...
C424S401000, C424S777000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06682763
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an external agent for the skin containing an extract derived from an olive plant (
Olea europaea L
.) and more specifically to an external agent for the skin having a skin-beautifying effect, in particular, an anti-aging effect related to effects of preventing and eliminating the wrinkles and sags of the skin and a whitening effect, which can relieve or lighten and/or prevent the dark skin, melasma, ephelis and darkening or dullness of the skin. In addition, the present invention also relates to a skin-beautifying agent, a whitening agent and an anti-aging agent for the skin, comprising an extract derived from an olive plant as an effective component as well as an external agent for the skin containing the same.
Oils and fats, in particular those containing an unsaturated fatty acid are quite susceptible to oxidation and this accordingly becomes a principal cause of the quality deterioration thereof and the reduction of nutritive properties and functional characteristics of the same. Among the unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid play important roles as essential fatty acids and nutritive substances. Moreover, the physiological activities of higher unsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA have attracted special interest recently and foods and beverages rich in these nutritive substances have been put on the market. These unsaturated fatty acids have very low stability to oxidation and therefore, an antioxidant should be incorporated into these foods and beverages containing such fatty acids, but there has not yet been developed any antioxidant effective for storing these products over a long period of time.
The organisms efficiently generate the energy required for survival while making use of oxygen. However, active oxygen species are formed, as intermediates, during the process wherein oxygen is transformed into water in such an energy metabolism. As such kinds of the active oxygen species, there have in general been known, for instance, superoxide anions released by, for instance, the stimulation of macrophages and hydroxy radicals formed through, for instance, the exposure to radioactive rays. These active oxygen species are formed due to external incentives such as irradiation with excess radioactive rays or ultraviolet rays and ingestion of chemical substances or smoking and internal causes such as re-circulation after ischemia, inflammation, stress and aging. The active oxygen species thus excessively formed in the living body in general have a high chemical reactivity, easily react with various components adjacent thereto in the living body such as lipids, nucleic acids and proteins and correspondingly results in oxidative disorders related to a variety of diseases. There has been proved that the superoxide as one of the active oxygen species is closely related to a variety of diseases. For instance, the LDL present in the artery is oxidized by superoxide to form foam cells therein and this in turn becomes a cause of the arterial sclerosis. Moreover, the hydroxy radicals produced through the irradiation with radioactive rays may exert severe lesions on the living body such as carcinogenesis (Halliwell B. & Gutteridge M. C. Biochem. J. 1984, 219: 1-14).
As the toxicity of such active oxygen species to the living body has been proved, antioxidants such as active oxygen species-eliminating substances, having an activity of efficiently eliminating the same are useful as agents for protecting, from the oxidative deterioration, components included in the living bodies or other products such as foods, pharmaceutical agents and agricultural chemicals and the utilitarian use thereof have been expected in, for instance, food industries, in particular, processed marine products, health foods and nutritive foods as well as in the fields of pharmaceutical agents and agricultural chemicals and cosmetics.
Recently, the consumers have been quite sensitive to the safety of not only food additives consisting of chemically synthesized products, but also the antioxidants. For instance, there has been such a tendency that the use of chemically synthesized antioxidants such as BHA (butyl hydroxy anisole) and BHT (butyl hydroxy toluene) is avoided. Moreover, most of other antioxidants such as tocopherols derived from plant oils are lipophilic (non-hydrophilic) in nature and various limitations are often imposed on the practical use thereof.
Under such circumstances, there have conventionally been proposed a variety of antioxidants mainly extracted from naturally occurring raw materials and there has been investigated various applications thereof. Examples of such antioxidants are superoxide dismutase (SOD), which is an enzyme protein, for those possessing the ability of eliminating superoxide; and mannitol, tryptophane and formic acid for those having a hydroxy radical-elimination activity (see, for instance, OYAGI Yoshihiko, “SOD and Active Oxygen Species-Controlling Agents—Their Pharmacological Actions and Clinical Applications”, pp. 224 to 228, published by Nippon IGAKU-KAN Publishing Company, 1989).
However, the SOD is an enzyme protein and therefore, it has a poor stability to, for instance, heat. Further, if it is orally administered, almost whole of the administered enzyme is digested and externally excreted and accordingly, the efficacy thereof is thus quite low. On the other hand, there has been developed or proposed only a few practically useful hydroxyl radical-elimination agents, which can efficiently eliminate hydroxyl radicals. For this reason, it is quite difficult, at present, to industrially and stably obtain these antioxidants in large quantities. In this respect, the foregoing SOD is in general effective only for the elimination of superoxide and it has no effect in the elimination of hydroxyl radicals. Similarly, mannitol cannot eliminate superoxide at all.
As raw materials derived from naturally occurring products and having an antioxidant effect, whose development has eagerly been demanded by the consumers, there have been known, for instance, a water-soluble extract derived from defatted lees of sesame seeds as a water-soluble antioxidant component present in the sesame seeds (see, for instance, Japanese Examined Patent Publication (hereunder referred to as “J.P. KOKOKU”) No. Sho 61-26342). Moreover, it has also been well known that this extract from the defatted lees includes lignan glycosides and that the lignan glycosides possess a strong hydroxyl radical-elimination activity (see, for instance, Japanese Un-Examined Patent Publication (hereunder referred to as “J.P. KOKAI”) No. Hei 8-208685). However, the superoxide-elimination activity of these lignan glycosides included in the sesame seeds is not so high.
Under such circumstances, there has been desired for the development and stable supply of effective components derived from naturally occurring products having not only an elimination activity for only one kind of active oxygen species, but also a strong elimination activity for several kinds of active oxygen species such as the combination of superoxide and hydroxy radicals, but only a few such effective components have been commercially put on the market. Moreover, almost no effective component having both of such elimination activities has been supplied and therefore, there has been desired for the stable supply of such components.
On the other hand, as cosmetics for imparting the tenseness and gloss to the skin and for preventing the occurrence of wrinkles and sags thereof or those for preventing the so-called aging of the skin, various types of products have been proposed. Typical examples thereof include cosmetics, which comprise a moisturizing component such as a polyhydric alcohol (such as glycerin and sorbitol), hyaluronic acid, collagen, elastin, a natural moisturizing factor (such as amino acids, lactic acid salts, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate and urea), an intercellular lipid (such as sphingolipids, phospholipids, cholesterol), a simulant of lipid
Kuno Noriyasu
Matsumoto Miho
Burns Doane , Swecker, Mathis LLP
Coe Susan D.
Lankford , Jr. Leon B.
The Nisshin Oil Mills Ltd.
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