Education and demonstration – Anatomy – physiology – therapeutic treatment – or surgery... – Dentistry
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-31
2002-03-26
Cheng, Joe H. (Department: 3713)
Education and demonstration
Anatomy, physiology, therapeutic treatment, or surgery...
Dentistry
C434S262000, C434S30700R, C434S365000, C433S027000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06361323
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure and a method for deriving, testing and recording data to determine appropriate human positions, acts, space and human interface between others, human supports, instruments, devices, installations and health care facilities as a whole. The structure and method are especially useful for designing hospitals, clinics and associated centers for learning, for specifying health care procedures, for engineering information and treatment technology and for acquiring skills from the best use of one's body.
This system is based on the concept that data from proprioceptive feedback, scaled numeric terms and coordinate based imagery should be the primary way to define procedure, skill, instruments and settings for health care. Scaled numeric terms and coordinate based imagery also address indications for procedure and 3D perception of the beginning progress and outcome of procedure. The derivations from proprioceptive feedback (often conducted with masked eyes) best identify human interface with technological functions as a direct extension of human functions. This results in less clutter and the least distinction from patient centered attention.
Daryl Beach DMD, designed and developed the Skill Acquisition, Transfers and Verification system (SATV system) hardware and point tracking system applied to health care procedures with the engineering and manufacturing support of Kabushiki Kaisha Morita Seisakusho as an example of this method for widespread use in the field of health care at large. The example is focused on procedures in the mouth.
This system is based on a concept that, with proprioceptive derivation that is commonly shared by all human beings, everyone becomes aware of what he or she wants as a care provider as well as a care receiver. Thus, we become aware of the body conditions, technology and facilities that we want as human beings.
Briefly, the SATV system includes following seven stages:
SATV 0—Human centered derivations
0 (zero) conditions for “what I want” and “what we want” as providers and patient are derived for 1) body condition & acts, 2) human space & interface, 3) Settings, and 4) Technology.
Derivation exercises make the operator highly aware of such proprioceptive feedback as horizontal balance sense and minimum activity of anti-gravity muscles, with which each part of one's is stabilized.
SATV 1—Positions, Contacts, Sighting (Simulation)
The optimum treatment condition including body conditions, positions, contacts, sightings and compatible technology can be derived for all procedures in dentistry including examinations, restorations, prosthetics, endodontics, periodontics, oral srugery, orthodontics, etc., while maintaining a balanced head, optimum finger control, minimum body tension for performers and patients with minimum distraction from patients.
SATV 2—Basic Finger Control and Accuracy (Simulation)
Basic finger control and sighting control based on criteria for direct views and reflected views are acquired with the stable body conditions. Exercises reinforce memory sets that were established in Stages 0 and I.
SATV 3—Skill Transfer (Simulation)
Skills that are acquired in Stage 0, I and II are transferred through exercises to any or all other procedures in dentistry. For example, to surgical procedures which may include removal of horizontally impacted upper third molars simulated to acquire the optimum body conditions and positions.
SATV 4—Patient, Performer, Assistant Roles (Simulation)
Through role simulation exercises, proprioceptively derived clinical settings are verified. Interpersonal skills are also acquired in pd settings.
SATV 5—Patient Treatment (Clinical)
The outcome of patient treatment is photographed with an intra-oral camera and the image is displayed on the LAN display. The images are assessed by oneself first, and then by others.
SATV 6—Patient Communication (Clinical)
Communication with patients including Information collection and is assessed through images of CCD-camera and voice recording.
The SATV system provides following benefits:
(a) to establish and maintain optimum finger control for precision work;
(b) to minimize distraction from the patient;
(c) to maintain a healthy spine of the operator, while minimizing physical tension;
(d) to maintain consistent accuracy, and minimize treatment time by eliminating unnecessary acts; and
(e) to establish a basis of infection control by minimizing the number of finger-instrument contacts.
In the meantime, the purpose of SATVs 2 to 5 are to provide the performers (i.e., dentist, physician, nurse and assistant) with consistent accuracy, minimum treatment time, minimum numbers of finger-instrument contacts, and to reinforce muscle memory sets established in SATVs 0 and 1. For this purpose, a conventional equipment for use in SATV 2 for performer includes a simulated head, mouth, jaws, teeth, tissues and pathologies (PCT) with which the performer performers dental procedures. The PCT has simulated head and face, articulator, buccal membrane (silicon rubber), cheek and lip mask and dental arch model. A CCD camera is assembled over the PCT for picking up actual movements of portions of the performer and instrument that the performer uses in a procedure. An image picked up by the CCD camera is transmitted and then displayed on a monitor screen. The monitor screen is covered with a releasable transparent sheet, so that an assistant can track the movements of the portions of both the performer and the instrument. With the transparent sheet on which the actual movement has been tracked, the performer can evaluate his/her performance. In the evaluation, because it has been found that a highly skilled performer requires minimum movements of body as well instruments during procedure, one of the most important factors is a size of the tracked movement on the transparent sheet.
With this equipment, however, a greater experience is needed for precisely tracking the movement of portions of the body and instrument on the transparent sheet. Also, a plurality of portions of body and/or instrument can not be tracked simultaneously on the transparent sheet, which results in that a greater time is required for tracking a plurality of portions. Further, an improvement of skill can not be evaluated quantitatively.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Among the several objects and features of the present invention may be noted the provision of a; system and method for use in SATVs 2 to 5 capable of precisely tracking paths of motion of points on a performer and/or a portion of an instrument during a procedure; the provision of such a system and method which is capable of automatically tracking the movement without any assistant; and the provision of such a system and method which allows a performer to evaluate his/her acquired skill more easily and quantitatively.
Accordingly, a system for use in skill acquisition, transfers and verification for performer according to the embodiment of the present invention includes
(a) a simulated object to which the performer would perform clinical procedure;
(b) an image pickup which picks up an image of a point indicator provided on the performer or an instrument that the performer handles, and then generates an image signal corresponding to the picked-up image, while the performer provides the simulated object with the procedure;
(c) an image processor which processes the. image signal generated by the image pickup and generates data for showing a movement of the point indicator on a two-dimensional coordinate system; and
(d) a display which shows tracks of the point indicator by using the coordinate data.
With this arrangement, the motions of the performer and instrument .be accurately tracked, and also, such motions can be automatically tracked without any help of others.
In another aspect of the system according to the present invention, the system further comprises at least one light source which directs light toward the simulated object. With this arrangement, the motion of the performer and instrume
Beach Daryl Raymond
Miyahara Masato
Cheng Joe H.
J. Morita Manufacturing Corporation
Koda & Androlia
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