Single molecule detection systems and methods

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Apparatus – Including measuring or testing

Reexamination Certificate

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C435S287200, C435S287300, C435S287900, C435S288300, C435S288400, C435S288500, C435S288700

Reexamination Certificate

active

07118907

ABSTRACT:
A microfluidic system is provided that includes a substrate, a first microchannel disposed in the substrate for providing a reactant to a reaction zone, a second microchannel disposed in the substrate, and a third microchannel disposed in the substrate, the third microchannel providing fluid communication between the first and second microchannels. The system also typically includes first and second electrodes, positioned at opposite ends of the second microchannel, for providing an electric field within the second microchannel. In operation, when the reactant is in the reaction zone, a reaction product is produced having a net electric charge different from the electric charge of the reactant.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3687808 (1972-08-01), Merigan, Jr. et al.
patent: 3996345 (1976-12-01), Ullman et al.
patent: 4351760 (1982-09-01), Khanna et al.
patent: 4415732 (1983-11-01), Caruthers et al.
patent: 4458066 (1984-07-01), Caruthers et al.
patent: 4725677 (1988-02-01), Köster et al.
patent: 4739044 (1988-04-01), Stabinsky
patent: 4793705 (1988-12-01), Shera
patent: 4855225 (1989-08-01), Fung et al.
patent: 4973679 (1990-11-01), Caruthers et al.
patent: 4979824 (1990-12-01), Mathies et al.
patent: 4980460 (1990-12-01), Molko et al.
patent: 5047519 (1991-09-01), Hobbs, Jr. et al.
patent: 5151507 (1992-09-01), Hobbs, Jr. et al.
patent: 5231191 (1993-07-01), Woo et al.
patent: 5405747 (1995-04-01), Jett et al.
patent: 5449767 (1995-09-01), Ward et al.
patent: 5578443 (1996-11-01), Santamaria et al.
patent: 5605662 (1997-02-01), Heller et al.
patent: 5637458 (1997-06-01), Frankel et al.
patent: 5674743 (1997-10-01), Ulmer
patent: 5776677 (1998-07-01), Tsui et al.
patent: 5795782 (1998-08-01), Church et al.
patent: 5814524 (1998-09-01), Walt et al.
patent: 5863502 (1999-01-01), Southgate et al.
patent: 6191266 (2001-02-01), Wang
patent: 6210891 (2001-04-01), Nyren et al.
patent: 6232075 (2001-05-01), Williams
patent: 6255083 (2001-07-01), Williams
patent: 6376181 (2002-04-01), Ramsey et al.
patent: 6391622 (2002-05-01), Knapp et al.
patent: 6409900 (2002-06-01), Parce et al.
patent: 2002/0039738 (2002-04-01), Williams et al.
patent: 2002/0042071 (2002-04-01), Williams et al.
patent: 2003/0064400 (2003-04-01), Williams
patent: 2003/0190608 (2003-10-01), Blackburn
patent: WO 98/28440 (1998-07-01), None
patent: WO 99/05315 (1999-02-01), None
patent: WO 00 36151 (2000-06-01), None
patent: WO 00 36152 (2000-06-01), None
patent: WO 00/67907 (2000-11-01), None
patent: WO 00 70073 (2000-11-01), None
patent: WO 02/099406 (2002-12-01), None
Ishikawa et al., “Single-Molecule Detection by Laser-Induced Fluorescence Technique with a Position-Sensative Photon-Counting Apparatus,”Jpn. J. Apple. Phys., 33:1571-1576 (Mar. 1994).
Lyon et al., “Confinement and Detection of Single Molecules in Submicrometer Channels”Anal. Chem., 69:3400-3405 (1997).
Paige, et al., “A Comparison of Through-the-Objective Total Internal Reflection Microscopy and Epifluorescence Microscopy for Single-Molecule Fluorescence Imaging”Single Mol, 2(3):191-201 (2001).3.
Chou et al., “A microfabricated device for sizing and sorting DNA molecules”Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 96:11-13 (Jan. 1999).
Fu et al., “A microfabricated fluorescence-activated cell sorter”Nat. Biotech. 17:1109-1111 (Nov. 1999).
Ha, T., “Single-Molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer”Methods. 25:78-86 (2001).
Xu et al., “Direct Measurement of Single-Molecule Diffusions and Photodecomposition in Free Solution”Science, 275:1106-1109 (Feb. 21, 1997).
Casoli et al., “Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy as a Tool to Investigate Single Moleucre Probe dynamics in Thin Polymer Films”Biol. Chem., 382:363-369 (Mar. 2001).
U.S. Appl. No. 60/214,714, filed Aug. 24, 2001.
U.S. Appl. No. 60/314,709, filed Aug. 24, 2001.
Ambrose, W. Patrick et al.: “Single-Molecule Detection With Total Internal Reflection Excitation: Comparing Signal-to-Background and Total Signals in Different Geometries”;Cytometry; vol. 36; pp. 224-231 (1999).
Asanov, Alexander N. et al.: “Regenerable Biosensor Platform: A Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Cell with Electrochemical Control”;Anal. Chem.; vol. 70; pp. 1156-1163 (1998).
Castro, Alonso and John G. K. Williams: “Single-Molecule Detection of Specific Nucleic Acid Sequences in Unamplified Genomic DNA”;Anal. Chem.; Vol. 69; pp. 3915-3920 (1997).
Davis, Lloyd M. et al.: “Rapid DNA Sequencing Based Upon Single Molecule Detection”;GATA; vol. 8, No. 1: pp. 1-7 (1991).
Eigen, Manfred and Rudolf Rigler: “Sorting single molecules: Application to diagnostic and evolutionary biotechnology”;Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.; vol. 91; pp. 5740-5747 (1994).
Funatsu, Takashi et al.: “Imaging of single fluorescent molecules and individual ATP turnovers by single myosin molecules in aqueous solution”;Nature; vol. 374; pp. 555-559 (1995).
Hirschfeld, T.: “Optical microscopic observation of single small molecules”;Applied Optics; vol. 15, No. 12; pp. 2965-2966 (1976).
Jett, James H. et al.: “High-Speed DNA Sequencing: An Approach Based Upon Fluorescence Detection of Single Molecules”;Journal of Biomolecular Structure&Dynamics; vol. 7, No. 2; pp. 301-309 (1989).
Lee, Yuan-Hsiang et al.: “Laser-induced fluorescence detection of a single molecule in a capillary”;Anal. Chem.; vol. 66; pp. 4142-4149 (1994).
Nie, Shuming et al.: “Probing Individual Molecules with Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy”;Science; vol. 266; pp. 1018-1021 (1994).
Nie, Shuming et al.: “Real-Time Detection of Single Molecules in Solution by Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy”;Anal. Chem.: vol. 67; pp. 2849-2857 (1995).
Nie, Shuming and Richard N. Zare, “Optical detection of single molecules”;Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct.; vol. 26; pp. 567-596 (1997).
Plakhotnik, Taras et al.: “Single-molecule spectroscopy”;Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem.; vol. 48; pp. 181-212 (1997).
Ronaghi, Mostafa et al.: “A Sequencing Method Based on Real-Time Pyrophosphate”;Science; vol. 281; pp. 363-365 (1998).
Schecker, Jay A. et al.: “Flow-based continuous DNA sequencing via single molecule detection of enzymatically cleaved fluorescent nucleotides”;SPIE; vol. 2386; pp. 4-12 (1995).
Schmidt, Th. et al.: “Imaging of single molecule diffusion”;Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.; vol. 93; pp. 2926-2929 (1996).
Tokunaga, Makio et al.: “Single molecule imaging of fluorophores and enzymatic reactions achieved by objective-type total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy”;Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications; vol. 235; pp. 47-53 (1997).
Vale, Ronald D. et al.: “Direct observation of single kinesin molecules moving along microtubules”;Nature; vol. 380; pp. 451-453 (1996).

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Single molecule detection systems and methods does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Single molecule detection systems and methods, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Single molecule detection systems and methods will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3694715

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.