Illumination – Light modifier – Refractor
Reexamination Certificate
2003-03-03
2004-11-02
Lee, Y My Quach (Department: 2875)
Illumination
Light modifier
Refractor
C362S522000, C362S545000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06811287
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a vehicular lamp, more particularly to a light emitting diode vehicular lamp, and even more particularly, to a light emitting diode vehicular lamp that uses a single high-flux light emitting diode as a light source to satisfy the requirements, including photometric requirements, of a combination stop/tail/turn/marker vehicle light.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The Department of Transportation (DOT), in its Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, 49 C.F.R. §571.108 (2000), (“FMVSS 108”) has adopted certain versions of the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) standards for stop/tail/turn/marker vehicular lamps. DOT Standard 592e (part of FMVSS 108) and SAE Standard J592e provides test procedures, requirements and guidelines for clearance, side marker, and identification lamps.
DOT Standard 585 (part of FMVSS 108) and SAE Standard J585 define a tail lamp as a lamp used to designate the rear of a vehicle by a steady burning low intensity light. These standards also provide that a tail lamp is a lamp installed on the rear of a vehicle and spaced as far apart laterally as practicable so that the signal will be clearly visible and its intent clearly understood.
DOT Standard 1395 (part of FMVSS 108) and SAE Standard J1395 define a turn signal lamp as a lamp that indicates a change in direction by giving a flashing light on the side toward which the turn or lane change will be made. These standards also provide that a turn signal lamp is a lamp, facing rearward for the rear lamp and facing forward for the front lamp, mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle, at the same height and spaced as far apart laterally as practicable so that the signal will be clearly visible.
DOT Standard 1398 (part of FMVSS 108) and SAE Standard J1398 define a stop lamp as a lamp giving a steady light to the rear of a vehicle to indicate the intention of the operator of the vehicle to stop or diminish speed by braking. These standards further provide that stop lamps shall be mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle, facing rearward, at the same height and spaced as far apart laterally as practicable, so that the signal will be clearly visible.
DOT and SAE standards also specify certain requirements, such as photometric requirements, for vehicular lamps functioning as stop, tail, turn and/or marker lamps, including luminous intensity requirements. According to the aforementioned standards, sufficient luminous intensity must exist at various points in the illumination zone. The specific photometric requirements of the most recent versions of the SAE Standards (i.e., J585 (March 2000), J1395 (June 1991), J1398 (June 1991), J592 (December 1994)) are set forth hereinbelow for stop/tail/turn/marker vehicular lamps.
TABLE 1
STOP LAMP PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE
REQUIREMENTS J1398
Test
Zone Total
Point
Luminous Intensity,
Zone
Deg.
Candela, Red
1
10U-5L
50
5U-20L
5D-20L
10D-5L
2
5U-10L
100
H-10L
5D-10L
3
5U-V
380
H-5L
H-V
H-5R
5D-V
4
5U-10R
100
H-10R
5D-10R
5
10U-5R
50
5U-20R
5D-20R
10D-5R
Maximum Luminous
300.0
Intensity, Candela
1. The maximum luminous intensity shall not be exceeded over any area larger than that generated by a 0.5 degree radius within the area defined by the test point pattern of Table 2.
2. Unless otherwise specified, the lamp shall be considered to have failed the photometric requirements of this document if the luminous intensity at any test point is less than 60% of the values specified in Table 2.
3. Unless otherwise specified, the lamp shall be considered to have failed the photometric requirements of this document if the minimum luminous intensity between test points is less than 60% of the lower design values of Table 2 for the closest adjacent test points on a horizontal and vertical line as defined by the test point pattern.
4. The summation of the luminous intensity measurements at the specified test points in the zone shall be at least the values shown.
5. When a tail lamp or a clearance lamp is combined with a stop lamp, see 6.1.5.2 of this document for luminous intensity ratio requirements.
6. Throughout the photometric pattern defined by the corner points of 20U-45R, 10D-45R, and 10D-45L, the light intensity shall not be less than 0.4 candela in red.
TABLE 2
STOP LAMP PHOTOMETRIC DESIGN GUIDELINES J1398
Test
Luminous
Point
Intensity,
Deg.
Candela, Red
10U-5L
16.0
5R
16.0
5U-20L
10.0
10L
30.0
V
70.0
10R
30.0
20R
10.0
H-10L
40.0
5L
80.0
V
80.0
5R
80.0
10R
40.0
5D-20L
10.0
10L
30.0
V
70.0
10R
30.0
20R
10.0
10D-5L
16.0
5R
16.0
Maximum Luminous
300.0
Intensity, Candela
1. The maximum luminous intensity shall not be exceeded over any area larger than that generated by a 0.25 degree radius within the area defined by the test point pattern of Table 2.
2. When a tail lamp or a clearance lamp is combined with a stop lamp, see 6.1.5.2 of this document for luminous intensity ratio requirements.
3. Throughout the photometric pattern defined by the corner points of 20U-45L, 20U-45R, 10D-45R, and 10D-45L, the light intensity shall be not less than 0.4 candela in red.
TABLE 3
TAIL LAMP PHOTOMETRIC REQUIREMENTS (1)(2) J585
Minimum
Minimum
Minimum
Zone Total
Zone Total
Zone Total
Luminous
Luminous
Luminous
Luminous
Luminous
Luminous
Intensity
Intensity
Intensity
Intensity
Intensity
Intensity
(cd)(3)
(cd)(3)
(cd)(3)
(cd)(4)
(cd)(4)
(cd)(4)
Test
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Number
Points
Lighted
Lighted
Lighted
Lighted
Lighted
Lighted
Zone
(Degrees)
Sections 1
Sections 2
Sections 3
Sections 1
Sections 2
Sections 3
I
10U 5L
0.4
0.7
1.0
1.4
2.4
3.4
5U 20L
0.3
0.5
0.7
5D 20L
0.3
0.5
0.7
10D 5L
0.4
0.7
1.0
II
5U
0.8
1.4
2.0
2.5
4.2
6.0
H 10L
0.8
1.4
2.0
5D
0.8
1.4
2.0
III
5U V
1.8
3.1
4.5
9.6
16.7
24.0
H 5L
2.0
3.5
5.0
H V
2.0
3.5
5.0
H 5R
2.0
3.5
5.0
5D V
1.8
3.1
4.5
IV
5U
0.8
1.4
2.0
2.4
4.2
6.0
H 10R
0.8
1.4
2.0
5D
0.8
1.4
2.0
V
10U 5R
0.4
0.7
1.0
1.4
2.4
3.4
5U 20R
0.3
0.5
0.7
5D 20R
0.3
0.5
0.7
10D 5R
0.4
0.7
1.0
Maximum Luminous Intensity (cd)(5)
18
20
25
1. Ratio requirements of 6.1.5.3 apply.
2. Multiple compartment lamp or multiple lamps requirements of 6.1.5.2 apply.
3. The measured value at each individual test point shall not be less than 60% of the required minimum value shown forth at individual test point location.
4. The sum of the luminous intensity measurements at each test point within a zone shall not be less than the Zone Total Luminous intensity shown according to the number of lighted sections.
5. The listed maximum shall not be exceeded over any area larger than that generated by a 0.5 degree radius within the solid angle defined by the test points.
TABLE 4
TURN SIGNAL LAMP PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE
REQUIREMENTS J1395
Zone
Zone Total
Total
Zone Total
Luminous
Luminous
Luminous
Test
Intensity,
Intensity,
Intensity,
Point
Candela,
Candela,
Candela,
Zone
Deg.
Yellow Front
Red Rear
Yellow Rear
1
10U-5L
130.0
50.0
84.0
5U-20L
5D-20L
10D-5L
2
5U-10L
250.0
100.0
165.0
H-10L
5D-10L
3
5U-V
950.0
380.0
610.0
H-5L
H-V
H-5R
5D-V
4
5U-10R
250.0
100.0
165.0
H-10R
5D-10R
5
10U-5R
130.0
50.0
84.0
5U-20R
5D-20R
10D-5R
Maximum Luminous
—
300.0
750.0
Intensity, Candela
1. The maximum luminous intensity shall not be exceeded over any area larger than that generated by a 0.5 degree radius within the area defined by the test point pattern of Table 2.
2. Unless otherwise specified, the lamp shall be considered to have failed the photometric requirements of this document if the luminous intensity at any test point is less than 60% of the values specified in Table 2.
3. Unless otherwise specified, the lamp shall be considered to have failed the photometric requirements of this document if the minimum luminous intensity between test points is less than 60% of the lower design values of Table 2 for the closest adjacent test points on a horizontal and vertical line as defined by the test point pattern.
4. The summation of the luminous intensity measurements at the specified test points in the zone shall be at least the values shown.
5. When a tail lamp, clearance lamp, or a parking lamp is combined with a tu
Kolstee Todd H.
Roller Philip C.
Ross Christopher A.
Lee Y My Quach
The Bilicki Law Firm P.C.
Truck-Lite Co., Inc.
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