Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Specific organic component
Patent
1996-08-05
1998-07-14
Shah, Mukund J.
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Specific organic component
510276, 510309, 510316, 510317, 510348, 510457, C11D 338, C11D 1700, C11D 1402
Patent
active
057804206
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP 94/04322 filed Dec. 27, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The teaching according to the invention relates to useful materials and mixtures of useful materials from the field of detergents. More particularly, the teaching according to the invention is concerned with, but not confined to, the field of laundry detergents.
Detergents of the type in question, more particularly corresponding solid concentrates, contain so-called builders or builder systems together with washing-active surfactants as principal components in addition to other typical auxiliaries and additives. In detergents, builders or builder systems perform a number of functions which have changed considerably with the constant changes in the composition, formulation and production of detergents over recent years and decades. Modern detergents now contain around 20 to 50% by weight of builders. Accordingly, builders are among the most important substances for the production of detergents.
In view of this diversity and evolution of detergent systems, builders have to perform many functions which have never been completely or quantitatively defined. However, the main requirements are well documented and include, above all, softening water, enhancing detergency, inhibiting redeposition and dispersing soil. Builders are intended to contribute towards the alkalinity required for the washing process, to show a high absorption capacity for surfactants, to improve the effectiveness of surfactants, to make positive contributions to the properties of solid products, for example in powder form, and hence to have a structure-building effect or even to ease dust emission problems. These various requirements cannot normally be satisfied by a single builder component on its own, so that a system of builders and co-builders is generally used.
For ecological reasons arising out of the eutrophication of waters or the remobilization of heavy metals, phosphorus- and/or nitrogen-containing builders or builder systems as detergent components have been the target of considerable criticism with the result that, today, the three-dimensionally crosslinked, water-insoluble sodium alumosilicate, zeolite NaA, is now being widely used, particularly in laundry detergent formulations. Unfortunately, so-called co-builders have to be used on a wide scale with zeolite NaA, particularly in laundry detergents, above all to counteract unwanted incrustations. Polymeric polycarboxylates, more particularly copolymers based on acrylic acid and maleic acid, in conjunction with soda are now widely used for this purpose together with zeolite NaA. Complexing agents are also frequently used.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Recently, pure silicate-based systems, such as the crystalline layer-form disilicates--so-called SKS types (commercial products of Hoechst AG, Federal Republic of Germany)--or combinations of such components with soda have also been described for use as builders or co-builders, cf. for example EP-A-0 205 070, EP-A-0 320 770, EP-A-0 425 428, EP-A-0 502 325 and EP-A-0 548 599, which all describe the production of crystalline layer-form sodium silicates. In addition, EP-A-0 488 868 and EP-A-0 561 656 describe combinations of silicates and soluble inorganic salts, such as sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium borate or perborate, and other compounds of this type as builders.
Neither zeolite A nor the crystalline layer silicates satisfy all performance requirements. In the case of zeolite A, certain performance-related disadvantages are attributable to its insolubility which, on account of technical changes to washing machines with increasingly smaller liquor volumes, can lead to problems concerned with dispersion and washing out. Its magnesium binding capacity is also relatively poor.
By contrast, crystalline disilicates are only capable of taking up nonionic surfactants in small quantities. In addition, crystalline disilicates are vulnerable to heat damage which can give rise to disadvantages in regard to the s
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Bauer Volker
Breuer Wolfgang
Dolhaine Hans
Jacobs Jochen
Kottwitz Beatrix
Coleman Brenda
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesselschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Shah Mukund J.
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