Acoustics – Sound-modifying means – Muffler – fluid conducting type
Patent
1990-09-11
1992-11-24
Adams, Russell E.
Acoustics
Sound-modifying means
Muffler, fluid conducting type
181258, F01N 124
Patent
active
051664798
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to an injector or ejector silencer for the expansion of a gaseous fluid and more particularly to a blowing device equipped with an assembly of such silencers or mufflers.
In many industrial uses, the expansion of a fluid, such as a gas, is an operation generating acoustic emissions which it is important to eliminate or at the very least reduce to a level considered acceptable, so as to mitigate the harmful sound effects and/or mechanical effects of these emissions. This is true especially when the object is to expand gases or vapors into the atmosphere, empty pressurized gas vessels, expand hot air to defrost the air-inlet filters of gas turbines or gas compressors, for example.
The gas or vapor injectors or ejectors employed in such uses have holes or apertures, via which the gas to be expanded enters a medium at atmospheric pressure. According to a first known arrangement, the acoustic emissions are reduced by externally covering that part of the injector or ejector having these apertures with a piece of sintered metal or of sintered plastic. This arrangement has its disadvantages. In fact, in addition to a temperature stability of the sintered pieces which can be insufficient and an increase in the overall size attributable to the external position of the sintered piece, there is the fear that, because of its low porosity, the sintered piece will be clogged by materials carried along by the gas to be expanded.
According to another known arrangement, silent expansion of the gas is obtained by arranging a more or less extensive and thick annular packing externally on an exhaust manifold, expansion chamber, throttle member or other exhaust means, and this annular packing can be produced from various materials, such as, for example, a metal wool or cloth, a glass wool or synthetic fibers, asbestos fibers, metal or wood chips and woven or knitted metal fabrics. Examples of such silent expansion devices are described in French patents nos. 1,561,483, 2,250,379, 2,372,373 and 2,498,681. It will be seen that the packings used in these examples, because of their annular shape, increase the overall size of the devices equipped with these packings, for an equal volume of acoustically absorbent packing used.
One object of the present invention is to provide an injector or ejector silencer for the expansion of a gaseous fluid, which does not have the disadvantages of clogging or of bulk of the silencers of the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a silencer composed of simple and interchangeable standard components, so as to be suitable for inexpensive production.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide such a silencer which takes the form of a removable cartridge easy to install or replace in a device equipped with such silencers.
These objects of the invention and others which will emerge from the rest of the description are achieved with an injector or ejector silencer for the expansion of a gaseous fluid, comprising a member for mounting the silencer on a source of this fluid and a casing having a first end covered by a throttle piece carried by this member so as to communicate internally with the fluid source, this casing having a second end distant from the first and pierced with ports for the fluid admitted into the casing to pass into an outside medium, characterized in that the throttle piece has a total orifice cross-section of a size suitable for establishing a low-speed subsonic flow of the fluid on the same side as the source and for increasing the flow of the fluid through this piece to a sonic speed, and a packing of metal wire completely filling the space within the casing from the perforated piece to the second end of this casing, with inner overlap of the ports pierced in this second end of the casing.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the packing consists of a knitted fabric of metal wire in the form of a tightly wound roll.
According to other non-limiting embodiments, this packing takes the form o
REFERENCES:
patent: 4113050 (1978-09-01), Smith
patent: 4241805 (1980-12-01), Chance, Jr.
patent: 4316523 (1982-02-01), Boretti
patent: 4375841 (1983-03-01), Vielbig
patent: 4570745 (1986-02-01), Sparks et al.
Friou Claude C. H.
Gras Francois N.
Adams Russell E.
Bertin & Cie
Dang Khanh
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