Machine element or mechanism – Gearing – Interchangeably locked
Patent
1986-02-26
1988-02-23
Braun, Leslie
Machine element or mechanism
Gearing
Interchangeably locked
74339, F16H 542, F16H 338
Patent
active
047262451
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a shift gear for power transmission from an engine to an output shaft, specifically for motor vehicles. The transmission of power occurs in such transmissions through positive shift elements. Absent are thus the frictional shift elements used in other transmissions, which in disengaged conditions cause power losses.
The invention is based on the German patent application No. P 34 17 504.0, not previously published. The shift gear described there has in addition to a central main shaft two auxiliary shafts. The inventional transmission may as well feature two auxiliary shafts. However, a design with only one auxiliary shaft is possible as well. Designing such shift gears with two auxiliary shafts is frequently desirable because, due to the branching of power possible thereby to two oppositely disposed mesh systems, it is possible to reduce the width of the gears and thus make the entire transmission smaller in length. Besides, the radial forces acting in pairs on the gears of the central main shaft counterbalance one another. The main shaft is thereby free of radial load.
The shift gear described in the above patent application possesses on the input end, for doubling the number of speeds, an intermediate shift gear and a pertaining double shift clutch. The latter is designed as a so-called dry friction clutch; that is, it is accommodated in a dry space for the transmission housing. Moreover, a central synchronizing device is provided on this shift gear for producing synchronism on the respective sliding sleeve to be engaged.
The synchronizing device comprises an accelerating device and a retarding device, both acting on the auxiliary shaft or on both auxiliary shafts. An electric controller is provided for automatic control of the sliding sleeves, the double shift clutch, and the central synchronizing device.
Still unsatisfactory on the shift gear described above is that at least part of the gear shift operations--despite automatic electrical control--takes too much time, so that the flow of power is interrupted for too long a time.
The problem underlying the invention is therefore to improve the shift gear so that the shift operations will be completed within a time shorter than heretofore.
The clutch device for interrupting the flow of power from the engine to the output shaft is inventionally arranged on the transmission output, so that the auxiliary shaft(s) and the gears which are in mesh with the auxiliary shaft gears while arranged on the main shaft are constantly coupled with the engine. If both the entirety of sliding sleeves and the clutch device are disengaged, only the main shaft will rotate, irrespective of the transmission input speed and irrespective of the transmission output speed. This makes it now possible to have the central synchronizing device act on the main shaft just mentioned. Owing to its much smaller rotating mass as compared to that of the auxiliary shaft(s) and of the gears rotating with it, the main shaft can be retarded or accelerated much faster in the synchronizing process. The time duration for the shift operations is considerably reduced thereby, and the shift operation is simplified. As a result, specifically the time duration of the power flow interruption is reduced, so that the automatic transmission control will operate more dependably than before.
As previously known as such from the German Pat. No. 32 06 424, the clutch device arranged on the transmission output comprises a planetary gear set of which one component rotates with the main shaft and another with the output shaft, and of which a third component can be retarded by means of a friction brake which may likewise be used for starting. For one, this enables the safe management of the higher moments occurring on the transmission output. At the same time, as is previously known as well from said German patent disclosure, the possibility lends itself to provide a friction clutch for bridging the planetary gear set. In turn, the clutch device can be used thereby for doubling the number of
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Glover, Mechanisms, Linkages, and Mechanical Controls, 12/1965, Planetary Gear Systems, pp. 248-251.
Braun Leslie
J. M. Voith GmbH
Novais David
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