Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Structurally defined web or sheet – Including stitching and discrete fastener – coating or bond
Patent
1987-11-17
1989-04-04
Bell, James J.
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Structurally defined web or sheet
Including stitching and discrete fastener, coating or bond
112429, 428131, 428134, 428137, 428225, 428232, B32B 106
Patent
active
048185795
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FILED OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
The present invention relates to sheet for use as water contact materials for forming biological films or filter materials for use in biological water treatment by an aeration or non-aeration process, as underwater nurseries for growing laver or like vegetables, artificial fish-breeding shelters (for spawning), hydroponic culture beds, as slope protective materials for civil engineering work, etc., and to methods of producing such materials.
Prior Art
Conventional materials for use in contact with water for forming biological films in biological water treatment by an aeration or non-aeration process include one which is in the form of a continuous string of loops of very thin vinylidene choride thread as shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and (b).
The string-like contact material has the following advantages. (i) The loops flutter with currents of water and therefore achieve a high sewage contact efficiency. (ii) The thin thread is arranged three-dimensionally in the form of numerous loops, which retain a large quantity of microorganisms thereon with strong adhesion without readily releasing them. (iii) Being in the form of a string, the material can be installed in the sewage treating aeration tank as desired in accordance with the structure and input load of the tank.
Nevertheless, the string-like contact material has the drawback that as a progressively increasing amount of microorganisms adhere to the loops of thread, the surfaces of the loops become covered with a sticky substance, making the whole assembly resemble a rod as if by clogging to result in a greatly reduced area of contact.
Next, slope protective materials for use in civil engineering work will be described. Conventional materials for use in protecting slopes include the following. (i) Perforated circular steel strips assembled into circular members, which are laid over the slope as interconnected. (ii) Reticular plates assembled into a lattice over the slope (see Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication SHO No. 55-36557). (iii) A netlike frame which, when stretched, forms a continuous arrangement of square meshes (see Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication SHO No. 56-16730).
However, these protectors have problems. The protectors (i) and (ii) are heavy, and even before use, they are bulky, hence inconvenient to store and transport. With the protector (iii), the frame members forming the meshes merely have a simple straight linear form and therefore fail to satisfactorily retain earth, sand or mortar.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to provide a material which is lightweight, not bulky before use and therefore easy to handle, store and transport, and which is suitable for use as a water-treating contact material and slope protective material, the material being also usable for underwater nurseries for growing laver or like vegetables, artificial fish-breeding shelters, hydroponic culture beds, etc.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method of preparing the material with a high efficiency.
Means for Achieving the Objects
To fulfill the first object, the present invention provides a sheet for forming twisted flaps in a continuous arrangement comprising a strip having incisions extending widthwise thereof alternately from its opposite side edges beyond the longitudinal center line of the strip, and a stitching thread attached to the strip by stitching and extending longitudinally of the strip in a wave pattern through a position in the vicinity of the terminal end of each of the incisions, so that when the stitching thread is pulled apart at its opposite ends, the strip forms raised and curved flaps inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the stretched thread.
To fulfill the first object, the invention further provides a sheet for forming twisted flaps in a continuous arrangement comprising a piece of sheet material and a plurality of stitching threads extending on the sheet material in the same direction in a plurality of rows of
REFERENCES:
patent: 520400 (1894-05-01), Cattlow
patent: 3058193 (1962-10-01), Mauersberger et al.
patent: 3541653 (1970-11-01), Stevenson
patent: 4517715 (1985-05-01), Yoshida et al.
Bell James J.
Earthnics Corporation
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