Cutlery – Cutting tools – With blade moving means
Patent
1981-08-18
1983-12-13
Peters, Jimmy C.
Cutlery
Cutting tools
With blade moving means
30206, 30 401, B26B 1924
Patent
active
044198213
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to an improved shearing unit, and more particularly to a shearing unit which includes an improved cutter for shearing the wool off a sheep.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventionally shearing is carried out manually by using a hand piece which includes a cutter having cutting teeth moving over a stationary comb, the teeth oscillating or reciprocating back and forth over the teeth of the comb.
Work has been carried out for the mechanised shearing of sheep, these either being fully or partially mechanised but as far as is known, these all include a shearing mechanism or head which includes a similar form of reciprocating cutter.
The inherent disadvantages of these known cutters are well known, such as the mechanism required to convert the rotary motion into the reciprocating, motion, noise, and the need to frequently sharpen both the cutter and the comb.
Also due to the form of cutter and comb a considerable force is required in order for the fingers of the comb to penetrate the wool so that the cutter itself can cut the wool by acting with a scissor type action between the edges of the cutter blade and the fingers of the comb.
Attempts have been made to develop a non-reciprocating cutter by utilizing a sharpened blade which continuously moves in one direction and which may not need to co-operate with a stationary comb. However these have not been entirely successful due apparently to the fact that the sharpened and honed edge quickly becomes dulled and blunt, and also that if any rate of movement of the cutter through the wool is attempted, then the wool is not cut but is laid down beneath the cutter.
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,535,744 there is disclosed an apparatus and method for severing fleece from a sheep pelt, and which uses an endless belt knife in order to sever the fleece from the pelt. This endless belt knife is honed to a sharp edge, and the knife belt is continuously sharpened by grinding wheels rotated on a lower run of the knife belt, this knife belt being sharpened both sides by the pair of grinding wheels.
It is an object of this invention to provide a continuous or uni-directional cutter suitable for the shearing and cutting of wool and which cutter does not have to be continuously sharpened.
BRIEF STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
Thus there is provided according to this invention a shearing unit having a cutting head, the cutting head having a cutting blade continuously moving in one direction, the edge of the blade having a serrated or serrulate edge whereby these serrations grip and cut the fibres of the wool.
The cutting blade can either be a hand piece having a disc to rotate at a high speed or an endless belt form of blade with the cutting surface or edge of the disc or belt being provided with the finely serrated or serrulate edge to mechanically shear a sheep on a shearing cradle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows an endless belt blade shearing the fleece from the body of a sheep,
FIG. 2 shows the edge of a razor blade magnified ten times,
FIG. 3 shows a blade which is produced by a grinding stone having a rating of 46 grit,
FIG. 4 shows a photograph of a blade produced with a stone 35 grit,
FIG. 5 shows a blade ground with a 60 grit stone and,
FIG. 6 shows a rotary form of cutter
A DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The wool industry throughout the world has been seeking alternative methods of severing wool fibres and to date it has been felt from experience that the use of a band cutter or rotary cutter was a concept which was not technically feasible as a severance method.
A smooth cutting edge, such as a knife or razor edge depends for its cutting effect on the pressure that can be applied between the fibre and the cutting blade. This pressure or force can be increased by the introduction of friction from longitudinal movement of the blade. However with a smooth edge these forces are limited depending on the resistance of the fibres to the pressure applied and this decreased away from the root of the fibre because of the cantilever effect.
REFERENCES:
patent: 181692 (1876-08-01), Lhernault
patent: 194794 (1877-09-01), Wightman
patent: 199243 (1878-01-01), Wightman
patent: 430669 (1890-06-01), McDonald
patent: 4110905 (1978-09-01), Strijker
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