Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-06-02
2001-05-01
Ogden, Necholus (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S152000, C510S195000, C510S156000, C510S470000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06225270
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to shaped soap products, for example bar soaps, with improved smoothness and increased lime soap dispersion power through the presence of alkyl (oligo)glycosides and talcum.
2. Discussion of Related Art
It is known that the performance properties of toilet soaps based on tallow fatty acid and cocofatty acid can be modified and improved by numerous additives.
For example, it is known from DE-PS 593 422 that washing power and lime soap dispersion can be improved by addition of 10 to 15% by weight of cetyl maltoside. In addition, EP 0 463 912 A1, DE 43 31 297 A1 and DE 43 37 031 C2 describe soap bars based on fatty acid base soaps containing alkyl (oligo)glucosides. Although inorganic fillers are described as extenders for soaps in modern handbooks, for example Geoffrey Martin: The Modern Soap and Detergent Industry, Vol. 1, (1959), Chapter VI, talcum has more of an adverse effect in bar soaps.
Contrary to the adverse effects expected from the prior art, it has surprisingly been found that a further improvement in the physical and performance properties of bar soaps already containing alkyl glycosides, more especially their washing power and lime soap dispersion power and their smoothness, can be obtained by an addition of talcum.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a shaped soap product containing
60 to 85% by weight of fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms in the form of their alkali metal soaps and
1 to 10% by weight of alkyl (oligo)glycosides with the formula R
1
O—(G)
x
, where R
1
is a primary C
12-16
alkyl group and (G)
x
is an oligoglycoside unit with a degree of oligomerization x of 1 to 2, and,
to improve its washing properties and lime soap dispersion power, 5 to 20% by weight of talcum.
In addition, the shaped soap products according to the invention have a particularly smooth surface after mechanical deformation. In use, they produce a creamy stable foam. The lime soap deposit formed in hard water remains dispersed in the water and does not lead to the greasy grey films on the surface of sanitary fittings.
In the context of the present invention, talcum is understood to be a hydrated magnesium silicate with the theoretical composition 3MgO.4SiO
2
. H
2
O or Mg
3
(Si
4
O
10
).(OH)
2
although it may also contain quantities of hydrated magnesium aluminium silicate of up to 12% by weight Al
2
O
3
, based on the product as a whole.
The particle diameter (equivalent spherical diameter) of the talcum should be in the range from 0.5 to 50 &mgr;m. Talcum qualities containing no more than 5% by weight of particles smaller than 1 &mgr;m and no more than 5% by weight of particles larger than 50 &mgr;m in size have generally proved to be suitable. The percentage of particles larger than 40 &mgr;m in diameter (sieve residue) is at most 2% by weight. The mean particle diameter (D 50) is preferably from 5 to 15 &mgr;m.
The content of impurities should make up no more than 1.6% by weight Fe
2
O
3
, 1% by weight CaO and 1% by weight of unbound water (drying loss at 105° C.). The content of hydrated magnesium aluminium silicate may be up to 60% by weight, expressed as Al
2
O
3
, up to 12% by weight.
Suitable fatty acids for producing the base soap are linear fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, for example lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachic acid and behenic acid, and unsaturated fatty acids, for example palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and erucic acid. The technical mixtures obtainable from vegetable and animal fats and oils, for example cocofatty acid and tallow fatty acid, are preferably used. Mixtures of coco- and tallow fatty acid cuts, more especially a mixture of 50 to 80% by weight C
16-18
tallow fatty acid and 20 to 50% by weight C
12-14
cocofatty acid, are particularly preferred.
The fatty acids are used in the form of their alkali metal soap, normally as sodium soaps. However, the soaps may also be directly produced from the fats and oils by saponification (hydrolysis) with sodium hydroxide and removal of the glycerol. The shaped soap products according to the invention preferably contain an additional 1 to 10% by weight of free fatty acids containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms. These free fatty acids may be identical with those of the base soap and may be introduced into the base soap through a corresponding deficit of alkali metal during the saponification. However, the free fatty acids are preferably introduced after the saponification step and after concentration, but before drying.
Alkyl (oligo)glycosides are known commercially available nonionic surfactants which may be obtained by relevant methods or organic chemistry and which correspond to the formula1 R
1
—O(G)
x
, where R
1
is a primary C
12-16
alkyl group and (G)
x
is an oligoglycoside unit with a degree of oligomerization x of 1 to 2. EP-A-0 301 298 and WO-A-90/3977 are cited as representative of the extensive literature available on the subject. The alkyl (oligo)glycosides may be derived from aldoses or ketoses containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms. By virtue of their ready accessibility, alkyl (oligo)glucosides derived from glucose are mainly produced on an industrial scale.
The degree of oligomerization x is a mean value which derives from the homolog distribution of mono-, di-, tr- and higher polyglucosides. Alkyl (oligo)glucosides with a degree of oligomerization x of less than 1.7 and, more particularly, between 1.2 and 1.5 are particularly preferred from the applicational point of view. Such products are commercially obtainable, for example, under the name of Plantaren®200 (Henkel KGaA).
In addition to the alkyl (oligo)glycosides, the shaped soap products according to the invention may also contain other synthetic surfactants, for example high-foaming dermatologically compatible anionic surfactants, ampholytic surfactants, betaine surfactants or nonionic surfactants. A particularly preferred soap product according to the invention is characterized in that up to 15% by weight of synthetic, anionic, zwitterionic or ampholytic surfactants are additionally present. Particularly suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, alkyl ether sulfates with the formula R
2
O—(C
2
H
4
O)
n
—SO
3
Na, where R
2
is a preferably linear primary alkyl group containing 12 to 16 carbon atoms and n has an average value of 1 to 10. Other suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, acyl isethionates with the formula R
3
CO—OCH
2
CH
2
—SO
3
Na, where R
3
CO is a linear acyl group containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms. The anionic surfactants mentioned are also commercially available.
The shaped soap products according to the invention additionally contain water in a quantity of 5 to 15% by weight. The presence of water, which is attributable to the production process, has a beneficial effect on the performance properties of the soap.
Finally, the shaped soap products according to the invention may contain fragrances and other typical auxiliaries and additives in a quantity of up to 5% by weight. Suitable auxiliaries are, for example, binders and plasticizers. Suitable binders and plasticizers are, for example, glycerol, fatty acid partial glycerides and fatty alcohols containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms. The fatty alcohols may be added, for example, as a secondary product of the alkyl (oligo)glucosides together with the alkyl (oligo)glucosides where the alkyl (oligo)glucosides are used as a crude product containing up to 50% by weight of free fatty alcohol.
Other auxiliaries are, for example, dyes, antimicrobial agents, deodorants, pigments (TiO
2
), optical brighteners and complexing agents.
The shaped soap products according to the invention may be produced in the usual way for soaps. A base soap with a solids content of 25 to 50% by weight is initially prepared from the fatty acids and sodium hydroxide and concentrated to a solids content of 50 to 70% by weight. The talcum, possibly even free fatty acid, an anionic surfactant and
Hennen Udo
Schneider Werner
Scholz Wolfhard
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Hild Kimberly R.
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Murphy Glenn E. J.
Ogden Necholus
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