Heating – Shaft type – Having combustion products generated in or fed to shaft
Patent
1988-07-21
1989-12-12
Yuen, Henry C.
Heating
Shaft type
Having combustion products generated in or fed to shaft
432 14, 432101, F27B 1500
Patent
active
048864480
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a shaft installation, in particular to a shaft kiln, for processing of fuel-containing pieces of solid material by means of burning the same with air or oxygen-containing gas and/or for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials by means of burning pieces of fuel containing volatile components, with charging and removal devices.
The invention also relates to a method for the processing of fuel-containing pieces of solid materials in such a shaft installation.
A number of installations have been proposed for the processing of fuel-containing pieces of solid materials and/or for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials by means of burning of pieces of fuel containing volatile components: tunnel furnaces, ring shaft kilns or installations, parallel-flow shaft kilns and co-current shaft kilns.
In the tunnel furnace the material to be treated is transported on cars through the furnace and is heated in the counter current. Because such raw material is always very heterogenous in its composition and the size distribution of its grains, the optimal treatment temperature for the individual pieces of the raw material varies. Because of this and depending on the composition of the material, insufficient or excessive combustion occurs which, in turn, can lead to caking of the material. However, this does not pose a problem in a tunnel furnace because the material is at rest and possible caking can therefore be broken up after passing through the furnace. But a considerable increase in cost is required because of this. However, the important disadvantage in the use of the tunnel furnace is that no flow through the material itself takes place. Therefore the time for the gas extraction or gasification of the fuel bound in the material is very long and investment costs are correspondingly high.
For an economical solution, i.e. high daily tonnage output in which flow-through of the material takes place, it is required that a reactor do not have any internal components.
These prerequisites are also fulfilled by a ring shaft installation with a plurality of kilns disposed in series, which operates on the kiln principle, which has proven itself in connection with such treatment. The ring conduits required for such a ring kiln process must be provided altogether five times, namely for the pre-heated air, the cold air, the waste gas, the ignition air and the pre-heat exhaust air. The corresponding difficulties and operational uncertainties are obvious. The individual kilns are filled with or emptied of solid material by steps.
In DE-A1 3 310 495, a parallel-flow shaft kiln for the processing or treatment of such solid materials is described and claimed. Reference is made here also to the publications in GLUECKAUF 118, No. 21, p. 1098A, cited in this patent application.
The installation in accordance with the cited German laid-open patent application is used for the extraction of building materials or of aggregates for the same from hard coal dressing wastes. For this purpose these are separated by grain size, dried and preheated in a first process step, heated and brought to reaction in a second process step and maintained at a set temperature in a third process step. The installation comprises chambers disposed concentrically to each other, a drying and preheating chamber being surrounded by a heating and reaction chamber. Below the heating and reaction chamber is located a loitering chamber from which the treated material reaches the outlet chamber of a kiln which also surrounds the loitering chamber. The gases freed during the heating and reaction of the treated material are routed to a combustion chamber disposed in a conical clearance surrounded by the kiln.
DE-A1 3 509 275 describes and claims a method for the thermal treatment of coal dressing wastes in at least two separate treatment steps, the wastes being dried in a first step and heated in a second step and subsequently cooled in a cooling step. The tailings are dried under constant agitation directly in the counter current by air i
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Rudolf Jeschar
Schurmann Peter
Volker Frisch
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