Gas separation – With particulate solids movement during use or agitating...
Patent
1989-12-18
1991-03-19
Nozick, Bernard
Gas separation
With particulate solids movement during use or agitating...
55479, B01D 4632
Patent
active
050007700
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a shaft having a moving bed of pourable bulk material which substantially fills the cross-section of the shaft and moves through it from the top to the bottom between a feeding means and a discharge means, whereby there are arranged in the lower region of the moving bed a plurality of fixed roof-shaped pellet guide sections next to one another, in each case leaving a material outlet slit free, and whereby there are arranged below the latter, and associated with the latter, discharge members which are at least approximately horizontal and can be moved back and forth by means of a drive device, and by means of which the amount f material throughput can be metered between 0 and a given maximum by varying the travel and/or the frequency of the reciprocating motion.
In devices of this type, on the one hand it is important that there are no paths of different length of the individual grains of the pourable material during the discharge process in the moving bed, so that virtually only a vertical flow direction but no transverse motion of the grains is possible, and on the other hand that no preferred passage zones with hollow spaces occur at the underside of the column of material, as a result of which different chargings of the particles whirled up in the hollow spaces and of the adjacent material zones could occur.
A further requirement with devices of the present type is as finely graded as possible a variation of the material throughput through the shaft and the consequent adaptability to changing operating conditions both with respect to the pourable material and with respect to the gaseous medium. In this respect, all the known devices mentioned are unsatisfactory, because they only permit a relatively coarsely graded variation of the depot pockets located next to one another in the grid plate, whose volumes cannot be reduced arbitrarily both for constructional reasons and owing to the danger of blockage.
They also require a high outlay for the drive device for providing the reciprocating motion because the relatively high frictional forces between the fixed baffle plates and the moved grid plate as well as the inertia forces of the naturally heavy grid plate must be overcome. Moreover, particles of material can be jammed in between the moving parts, which can lead to uncontrollable increases in resistance. In addition, in the case of sensitive materials, the particles of material may disintegrate or be damaged, which can impair the reaction capability of the material with the gaseous
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to design a shaft of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that a finely graded or infinite variability of the discharged material and the use of simple means with a low outlay for the control for generating the reciprocal motion are possible.
The invention employs the angle of repose metering principle, with which a finely graded or infinite variation of the travel and/or frequency of the drive can be implemented for the reciprocating motion with simple means. A particularly even transport of the pourable material through the shaft is achieved in that a cone formation in the material is counteracted by the slit apertures in at least one upper plate-like tier so that the material from the center of the material outlet slit formed by the pellet guide sections is also transported away. The metering occurs solely by the material trickling down from the bottom layer and not by stripping off, so that there is only a comparatively slight friction to be overcome by the drive and there is no risk of damage to the pourable material resulting from shearing forces occurring between the stripper and bottom layer.
In the case of a very fluid material, problems can arise when filling the material into the shaft. As a result of the drop height of the material and as a result of its good fluidity, it may happen that the material does not come to rest on the lower continuous plate, but trickles permanently. In this case, it is expedient to design t
REFERENCES:
patent: 620925 (1899-03-01), Hirt
patent: 1782823 (1930-11-01), Hechenbleiker
patent: 3090180 (1963-05-01), Berz et al.
patent: 4451272 (1984-05-01), Mathewes et al.
patent: 4726821 (1988-02-01), Sgaslik
Nozick Bernard
Nymic Anstalt
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