Liquid purification or separation – Tangential flow or centrifugal fluid action
Patent
1990-03-27
1991-04-16
Sever, Frank
Liquid purification or separation
Tangential flow or centrifugal fluid action
209144, 209211, B01D 4512
Patent
active
050080148
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This is a National Phase application based upon PCT/GB88/00715 filed Sept. 1, 1988.
This invention relates to a separator. In particular it relates to a separator for separating a relatively small volume e.g. up to 20% of a less dense liquid from a larger volume of a more dense liquid, for example separating small volumes of crude oil from production water from an oil well so that the separated water may be discharged in a virtually clean condition to the sea.
It is known to construct a separator for this use in tubular form of reducing circular cross-section from a wide end to a narrow end, having at least one tangentially-disposed inlet at or adjacent the wide end for introducing at relatively high velocity the mixture of liquids to be separated into the separator, and two outlets, the first disposed on the axis of the separator at the wide end for the removal of the less dense liquid component and the second disposed at or adjacent the narrow end for the removal of the more dense liquid component
During use of such a separator the less dense component, for example oil, moves towards the axis and forms a core and this moves towards the wide end, while the more dense component, e.g. sea-water, moves towards the wall of the separator and towards the narrow end. However it has been found that in some situations not all the less dense component in the central core moves towards the wide end; some of it remains stationary and some even moves towards the narrow end where it mixes with and contaminates the more dense component.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a separator in which the above disadvantageous effects are substantially reduced or overcome.
In accordance with a first aspect of the invention a separator for separating a mixture of liquids into a more dense component and a less dense component comprises an elongated tube having a circular cross-section which reduces in diameter from a wide end to a narrow end, at least one tangentially disposed inlet at or adjacent the wide end for the introduction at relatively high velocity of a mixture of liquids to be separated, at least one outlet for the removal of the less dense component on the axis of the separator, and at least one outlet for the removal of the more dense component, positioned in the vicinity of the narrow end of the separator, and pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the more dense component in the vicinity of the outlet for the more dense component.
The tube may be of any suitable shape. For example it may be of constant taper from a location adjacent the inlet towards the narrow end. Alternatively the convergence angle may vary, either abruptly, so that the tube comprises a plurality of frusto conical portions, or gradually, so that the interior surface of the tube is curved, the degree of curvature decreasing in a direction from the wide end of the separator towards the narrow end. The tube may include at least one cylindrical section, e.g. at the wide end and/or at the narrow end.
The outlet for the more dense component may extend for at least substantially the whole of the circumference of the tube, or may comprise at least one tangentially disposed port of any suitable cross-sectional shape, e.g. circular, elliptical, rectangular or square in the opposite sense to the said at least one inlet. The size of the outlet may be adjustable. For example it may be in the form of a gap between the tube and an outlet unit, which may be moveable along the axis of the separator, to vary the size of the gap. The adjacent surfaces of the end of the tube and of the outlet unit defining the gap may be tapered, the cross-sectional area of a surface on either tube or outlet unit increasing from the wide end towards the narrow end of the separator.
At least one other, intermediate, outlet for the more dense component may be provided at a pre-determined position on the wall of the separator between the two ends, with pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the more dense component in the vicinity of this
REFERENCES:
patent: 2346005 (1948-01-01), Bryson
patent: 4378289 (1983-03-01), Hunter
patent: 4414112 (1983-11-01), Simpson et al.
English Translation of DE 3043729.
English Translation of DE 1642900.
English Translation of FR 2588778.
Lloyd David D.
Michaluk Peter G.
Serck Baker Limited
Sever Frank
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